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Recent relativistic heavy-ion collider (RHIC) data have shown novel nuclear modifications of moderate- to high-p_T particle production in central Au+Au collisions, including a suppression of hadron production and a disappearance of back-to-back hadron pairs. In this paper, we investigate whether final-state hadronic interactions of the jet fragments can reproduce the RHIC data. We find that hadronic rescattering can account for the disappearance of back-to-back hadron pairs but cannot reproduce other features of the RHIC data.