Microscale Topography Therapy for Type 2 Diabetes: Diabetic Macrophages Reprogrammed with Microtextured Topography
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Date
2020-05
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The Ohio State University
Abstract
In 2015, over 9.5% of Americans have diabetes and 95% of them are diagnosed with type 2 diabetes (T2D). [1] While existing treatments are not effective enough, more efficient treatment is needed. Macrophage is a type of white blood cell that plays a crucial role in the immune system by digesting foreign substances. It can differentiate into two phenotype macrophages: M1 "killing" phenotype that can exacerbate T2D condition and M2 "healing" phenotype that can ease T2D symptoms.[4] Researchers have found out that under T2D condition, the number of M1 phenotype macrophages dominates over that of M2 phenotype. Thus, a possible treatment for T2D is to find ways to shift M1phenotype to M2 phenotype. While the macrophage can polarize and repolarize to different phenotypes depending on different stimulations, we found that M1 macrophage can polarize to M2 phenotype on the microtextured culture. [4] Thus, the objectives of this project are to test the efficacy of M2 polarization with microtextured culture. This project will utilize micro-patterned topography to reprogram macrophages from diabetic mice in vitro and probe the mechanism of the shift. Then we will evaluate the potency of such treatment using flow cytometry, western blot and real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR).
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Keywords
Micro-textured topography, Type 2 diabetes, macrophage repolarization, micro/nanotechnology