The Segregate effects of Magnet Schools in Cincinnati: A Case Study of the Effectiveness of Magnet School and Magnet Programs in Cincinnati from 1968 to 2016
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Date
2023-05
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The Ohio State University
Abstract
In 1974, the City of Cincinnati was sued by the NAACP for having an unconstitutionally segregated school district. Mona Bronson v. Board of Education of the City School District of the City of Cincinnati ultimately ended ten years later with a settlement from both parties. This settlement, later simply termed the Bronson Settlement, stipulated that the city of Cincinnati was not unlawfully segregated and would voluntarily foster integration by use of magnet schools and magnet programs. Magnet schools are institutions with a particular educational focus area intended to draw students mostly white students either from across the district or from out of the district. The magnet school program became the backbone for educational integration in Cincinnati, existing even today. Much of the research focused on magnet schools has been comparative to their relation to mandatory programs, little research has been done to examine the effectiveness of voluntary magnet schools on their own. Utilizing a technique of synthetic control developed by Abadie, Diamond, Haimueller, and Gardeazabal, comparing the dissimilarity and exposure indexes between real Cincinnati and the created synthetic Cincinnati from the Bronson Settlement to 2016, I, ultimately conclude that magnet schools in Cincinnati seem to only have a positive integration effect during their initial adoption, but in the long run have shown to increase white flight and in fact increase segregation as compared to a control.
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Keywords
Education Policy, Desegregation, Cincinnati, Magnet Schools, Synthetic Control