Knowledge Bank

The history of the roles of women in Spanish society have been profoundly influenced by the country's political climate, particularly during the Franco dictatorship (1939-1975) and the years following during the country’s transition to democracy. During Franco's regime, feminist progress was stifled by the Catholic and traditional values enforced by the government, which confined women to domestic roles and reinforced the patriarchal structure. However, following Franco's death, Spain's political transition into democracy allowed for significant strides in feminist movements as women began to challenge the system that had kept them oppressed for so long. Examining women's literature produced in these two eras can reveal how their roles in society have progressed and changed over time. La plaza del diamante (1962) by Mercé Rodoreda provides insight into the women’s experience during the Franco dictatorship, showing how women were oppressed because of patriarchal policies enforced by the regime. In contrast, Las maravillas (2020) by Elena Medel gives two different perspectives on women’s lives in Spain during and after the transition to democracy through the narrative of Alicia and María. By comparing the two pieces, it is evident that the roles of women have evolved in response to the socio-political changes in Spain. However, despite these advancements, remnants of the past continue to affect women, as past ideologies continue to impact them in more subtle ways.