Effects of transforming growth factor β on β1 integrin expression and localization during myogenesis in chicken
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Date
2006-04-17T13:46:58Z
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Abstract
Myoblast-extracellular environment interactions are mediated by the integrin family of cell adhesion receptors. Integrins have been shown to play a pivotal role in skeletal muscle development. The β1 integrin has been shown to play a critical role in muscle cell attachment, migration and the formation of multinucleated myotubes. Transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) is a potent inhibitor of both skeletal muscle myoblast proliferation and differentiation. The expression of TGF-β will affect cell β1 integrin expression and localization. The chicken genetic muscle weakness, Low Score Normal (LSN), exhibits modified myotube and sarcomere structure, and increase TGF-β and reduced β1 integrin expression during myogenesis. The current study used LSN satellite cells, myogenic precursor cells, as a model to further investigate the role of TGF-β and β1 integrin during myogenesis, compared to normal satellite cells. The LSN satellite cells have elevated expression of TGF-β and decreased β1 integrin during proliferation and differentiation. The β1 integrin was localized at areas of cell–cell contact in normal cells, whereas in LSN satellite cell cultures β1 integrin was observed within cells. The addition of the exogenous TGF-β in normal cell cultures decreased both β1 integrin mRNA and protein expression at 24 and 48 h of differentiation. The localization of β1 integrin was altered also, from areas of cell-cell contact to inside cells. These data suggest that TGF-β may play a pivotal role in myogenesis through modulation of the expression and localization of β1 integrin which is important in the control of cell migration and growth regulation.
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integrin, transforming growth factor β, myogenesis, chicken