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The thesis introduces the international efforts in saving Chinese refugees by twenty four Westerners who stayed in Nanjing during the Rape of Nanking, a Japanese atrocity between December 13, 1937 and early January 1938. The thesis examines the Westerners' efforts in solving issues like famine in the Nanjing Safety Zone. Accordingly, the thesis argues the presence of the Westerners in Nanjing was critical to the success of Nanjing Safety Zone, in which they protected some 200,000 Chinese reguess.