Immune-Epithelial Interactions Exacerbate Cell Injury During Airway Reopening Through Changes in Cell Spreading
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Date
2021-04
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Abstract
During the acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), bacterial/viral infections, including COVID-19, significant pulmonary edema and ARDS patients often require mechanical ventilation (MV) for survival. Unfortunately, MV is known to exacerbate lung injury due to high mechanical forces through reopening of flooded alveoli. In this study we subjected lung epithelial cells to airway reopening forces in-vitro under conditions including co-culturing with an immune cell found in the lung called macrophages. We found that macrophages cause a significant increase in cell death during airway reopening, likely due to a contact dependent mechanism. We then show that macrophages cause a decrease in epithelial cell density. We then used computational modeling to confirm that lower cell packing results in higher tangential strain on the epithelial cell membrane. We also saw that the over-expression of miR-155 decreases this macrophage exacerbated cellular injury.
Description
Poster Division: Engineering: 2nd Place (The Ohio State University Edward F. Hayes Graduate Research Forum)
Keywords
Lung injury, macrophages, ventilator induced lung injury, cellular mechanics