Investigating the Modulation Effects of Black Raspberry Polyphenols on Gut Microbial Metabolome
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Date
2021-08
Authors
Liu, Xuyu
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
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Publisher
The Ohio State University
Abstract
The gut microbiome affects many aspects of human health including response to cancer treatments. A healthy gut microbiota serves important functions in maintaining the gut barrier's structural integrity and enhance responses to certain cancer treatments. Recent work has demonstrated that certain gut bacteria can modulate the host response to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), and, in mice, response to ICIs can be increased by increasing the abundance of probiotics like Akkermansia muciniphila, or Lactobacillus acidophilus. Diet-based interventions hold promise for translating microbiome modification into a clinical setting; however, progress has unfortunately been slowed by a lack of evidence regarding how specific food products can affect microbes, particularly in complex communities such as the gut microbiome. Increasing the abundance of probiotics thus represents a promising approach to modulate the likelihood of response to ICIs in humans. As such, it is important to investigate how certain important bacterial species can be enriched in gut microbiota via the use of polyphenol-rich fruits. The objective of this project focuses on the use of a novel in vitro human colonic model to simulate a colon environment without the interference from the host, to study the interaction between gut microbes from study participants of a lung cancer prevention trial and polyphenol-rich black raspberry (BRB) extract; and to characterize the microbial metabolites. After analyzing representative HCM samples using Liquid-chromatography Mass spectrometry (LC/MS) and statistical analysis, all three sections of the colon had shown distinct metabolic profiles for endogenous polar metabolites during BRB treatment compared to pre-treatment; two phenolic compounds were statistically significant in ascending and transverse colon when compared between treatment phase versus post-treatment phase. Meanwhile, six short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) were detected with statistical significance in ascending colon, and two SCFAs were detected with statistical significance in descending colon during the BRB treatment. In summary, this study indicated that BRB extract is capable of remodeling gut microbial metabolism and alter the levels of many potentially important microbial metabolites.
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Keywords
black raspberry, polyphenol, metabolome, gut microbiome, dysbiosis