Knowledge Bank

Emerging applications for conformable wearable devices and soft robotics create a need for flexible and durable electronic materials. Non-toxic, liquid metals such as Gallium Indium provide remarkable conformability without conductivity change when subjected to stress. Yet, advancements in developing flexible materials that contain liquid metal focus primarily on development of liquid metal composites rather than on an integration of liquid metal with elastomeric substrates. The goal of this research is to experimentally characterize optimal elastomer-liquid metal material combination, substrate geometry, and liquid metal particle size to create mechanically robust and flexible, conductive materials. The research will create these materials by parametric fabrication and characterization processes. The research efforts include mold design, 3D printing, sonication, casting, and evaluation of the conductivity of liquid metal-based elastomers. It is determined that optimizing EGaIn for the use in conductive elastomeric materials requires decreasing particle size through sonication, as well as the use of a strong acid or base to assist with preventing oxidation This research will create new concepts for future electronics packaging solutions and soft robotic actuators via a new integration of elastomers, liquid metal, and material design.