International Journal of Rural Criminology: Volume 4, Issue 2 (June 2019)

Permanent URI for this collection

https://kb.osu.edu/handle/1811/87903

Issue DOI: https://doi.org/10.18061/1811/87903

Editor's Introduction to Volume 4, Issue 2
Donnermeyer, Joseph F.
pp. 135-137
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"Crime-Talk", Security and Fear in the Countryside: A Preliminary Study of a Rural Irish Town and Its Hinterland
Pytlarz, Artur; Bowden, Matt
pp. 138-172
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Victimization and Fear of Crime in Rural Tanzania
Neubacher, Frank; Faße, Anja; Bögelein, Nicole; Grote, Ulrike
pp. 173-192
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"You shouldn't worry walking a block and a half to your car": Perceptions of Crime and Community Norms in the Bakken Oil Play
Ulrich-Schad, Jessica D.; Fedder, Michael; Yingling, Julie
pp. 193-216
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The Impact of Faba Bean Theft in Rural Ethiopia: To Dispute or to Reside Together in Harmony?
Zekiwos-Gichamo, Tesfanesh; Karltun, Erik; Tolera, Motuma; Chiwona-Karltun, Linley
pp. 217-239
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Utilizing the National Incident-Based Reporting System to Further Our Understanding of Agricultural Theft
Osborne, Dustin L.; Swartz, Kristin; Stover, Andrew
pp. 240-257
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Easier Said than Done: Methodological Challenges in Exploring Prevalence of Mental Health Illness among Rural Jail Inmates in the United States
Rukus, Joseph; Kulkarni, Veena S.
pp. 258-272
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Crime Risks and Rural Routines: A Theoretical Examination of Guardianship Activities in Rural Areas
Hollis, Meghan E.; Hankhouse, Shannon
pp. 273-291
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The Impact of Road Networks on Crime Rates in Saudi Arabia
Algahtany, Mofza; Kumar, Lalit; Barclay, Elaine
pp. 292-311
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Intimate Violence Against Rural Women: The Current State of Sociological Knowledge
DeKeseredy, Walter S.
pp. 312-331
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Now showing 1 - 10 of 10

Editor's Introduction to Volume 4, Issue 2
(Ohio State University. Libraries, 2019-06) Donnermeyer, Joseph F.
"Crime-Talk", Security and Fear in the Countryside: A Preliminary Study of a Rural Irish Town and Its Hinterland
(Ohio State University. Libraries, 2019-06) Pytlarz, Artur; Bowden, Matt
Property and violent crime against older people in rural areas have become recurring themes in media representations of rural Ireland. This is also marked in the closure of rural police stations which might exacerbate the sense of abandonment amongst rural dwellers, hence, feeding a greater fear of crime. Top down crime-talk has stressed the need for 'smart policing' and state-led strategies have involved short, intensive policing operations to halt the mobility of urban based burglars; and a growing number of communities engaged in Community Alert Schemes and Text Alert Schemes. In this article, we report preliminary findings of our research conducted in a small rural town and the surrounding community in South-East Ireland. The research sought to capture crime-talk in a rural locale to reflect upon broader themes and identify issues for our ongoing research agenda. Data were obtained through a small number of in-depth semi-structured interviews with members of the community. Our observations centre on the nature of adaptation to a felt sense of risk, fear and insecurity.
Victimization and Fear of Crime in Rural Tanzania
(Ohio State University. Libraries, 2019-06) Neubacher, Frank; Faße, Anja; Bögelein, Nicole; Grote, Ulrike
The article presents findings from a crime victims survey which was conducted as a household survey in six Tanzanian villages in the summer of 2016. The results reveal that the villagers have been victimized at a high rate, mostly in relation to the theft of livestock or crops. While 37 percent of the households reported having been victimized during the last 12 months, 71 percent of all incidents were related to theft. Repeated victimization is not a rare case. Fear of theft is widespread and needs to be understood in the context of food security. Furthermore, the article pictures how victims deal with crime events in terms of reporting behavior, conflict mediation, and prevention measures.
"You shouldn't worry walking a block and a half to your car": Perceptions of Crime and Community Norms in the Bakken Oil Play
(Ohio State University. Libraries, 2019-06) Ulrich-Schad, Jessica D.; Fedder, Michael; Yingling, Julie
The Bakken oil play experienced substantial population growth from oil and gas development over the last decade, resulting in disruption to social norms at the community level. We surveyed residents in a county in Montana and a county in North Dakota about their perceptions of crime resulting from the most recent boom, finding that residents perceived high levels of various types of crimes resulting from the boom and that many also changed their daily behavior out of fear of such crime. In addition, we asked about current perceptions of community norms and find evidence that perceived levels of helping and trust are lower in the boomtown context than in other similar types of rural areas. We also show how these perceptions matter for other important community-level issues; those who perceived high levels of crime were more likely to see energy development as negative and those who saw community norms as weaker and were less involved in community organizations were more likely to plan to leave. A better understanding of how residents perceive social disruption resulting from energy development and the implications of these perceptions can help leaders in rural boomtowns make better decisions related to natural resource development.
The Impact of Faba Bean Theft in Rural Ethiopia: To Dispute or to Reside Together in Harmony?
(Ohio State University. Libraries, 2019-06) Zekiwos-Gichamo, Tesfanesh; Karltun, Erik; Tolera, Motuma; Chiwona-Karltun, Linley
Previous studies have shown that faba bean cultivation in Ethiopia has been abandoned, in part, because of widespread theft. In order to solve this problem, many rural and farming communities agreed to formulate by-laws using an existing local institution called Iddir to punish the thieves and to support farmers in their efforts to start growing faba beans again. However, in some areas farmers have not yet switched back to growing faba beans. The overall aim of this study was to examine the factors that affected the reintroduction, or lack thereof, of faba bean growing. The results revealed that the effects of villagization, fear of conflict, small landholdings, population growth and migration, and lack of women participation in decision making were among the factors that affected the non-adoption of bean growing. Moreover, unemployment, poverty, and delinquent behaviours have also been found to be contributing factors.
Utilizing the National Incident-Based Reporting System to Further Our Understanding of Agricultural Theft
(Ohio State University. Libraries, 2019-06) Osborne, Dustin L.; Swartz, Kristin; Stover, Andrew
Research related to rural offending and victimization, while increasing in recent years, is hindered by the difficulties associated with gathering quality data. This is particularly true for investigations of agricultural theft, a crime problem unique to rural America. Several studies have explored the prevalence of such offending—in addition to the characteristics that influence victimization—via surveys administered to farm operators. Though beneficial, they rely upon small samples drawn from limited geographic areas. The current study proposes turning to the National Incident-Based Reporting System to advance our knowledge of agricultural theft, as it presents the opportunity to explore related research questions via a more nationally-representative sample. In addition, it opens the door for inquiries into understudied aspects of theft, such as victim and offender characteristics, theft targets, monetary losses and clearance rates. Each of these potential avenues is discussed, in addition to considerations that should be taken into account when making use of the data.
Easier Said than Done: Methodological Challenges in Exploring Prevalence of Mental Health Illness among Rural Jail Inmates in the United States
(Ohio State University. Libraries, 2019-06) Rukus, Joseph; Kulkarni, Veena S.
A high prevalence of mental health illness among the incarcerated and has made jails one of the largest providers of mental health services, a purpose for which they are not equipped. Further research shows that failure to effectively treat mental health problems is a leading cause of post-release recidivism. Despite the evidence, there is no systematic investigation on the prevalence of mental health illness and its correlates in the context of rural jails. Our study looks at the methodological challenges of conducting this type of research in a rural jail environment. Inmates comprise a vulnerable population. Hence, the federally mandated regulations that are required to complete a study are greater, meaning Institutional Review Board approval is much more complex. In addition, there is a lack of familiarity with the process of collaborations on the part of researchers and jail staff. We outline how we addressed the challenges created by this dynamic. We found the proactive communication and ongoing dialogue amongst all parties to be a key element to addressing a variety of obstacles that arose in the process of taking our research from the drawing board into the field.
Crime Risks and Rural Routines: A Theoretical Examination of Guardianship Activities in Rural Areas
(Ohio State University. Libraries, 2019-06) Hollis, Meghan E.; Hankhouse, Shannon
There is a considerable and growing literature on routine activities theory (Cohen and Felson, 1979) and, more specifically, the guardianship component of the theory (e.g., Reynald, 2009; 2010). Much of this literature is focused on urban and suburban contexts. The current paper examines the theoretical application of the guardianship concept in rural contexts. Given the different structures of daily routine activities, travel patterns, and other aspects of rural living, the manner in which guardianship works is likely to differ in rural contexts. Recommendations for theory and future research are discussed.
The Impact of Road Networks on Crime Rates in Saudi Arabia
(Ohio State University. Libraries, 2019-06) Algahtany, Mofza; Kumar, Lalit; Barclay, Elaine
This study examined the influence of the quality and extent of road networks on crime rates in both urban and rural areas of Jizan province, Saudi Arabia. We performed both Ordinary Least Squares regression (OLS) and Geographically Weighted Regression (GWR) where crime rate was the dependent variable and paved (sealed) roads, non-paved (unsealed/dirt) roads and population density were the explanatory variables. Population density was a control variable. The findings revealed that across all fourteen districts, those with better quality paved road networks recorded lower rates of crime than the districts with unpaved roads. Furthermore, the more extensive the road networks, the lower the crime rate, whether the roads were paved or not. The findings concur with those of studies conducted in other countries which reveal that rural areas are not always the safe, crime-free places they are often believed to be.
Intimate Violence Against Rural Women: The Current State of Sociological Knowledge
(Ohio State University. Libraries, 2019-06) DeKeseredy, Walter S.
Sociological research on violence against rural women quickly exploded on the scene in the latter part of the last decade. There is now strong international empirical evidence showing that rural women are at greater risk of experiencing various types of intimate violence than are their urban and suburban counterparts. Nevertheless, more sociological empirical and theoretical contributions are necessary. The main objective of this paper is to describe the current state of sociological knowledge about intimate violence against rural women and to suggest new directions in understanding this problem.

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