Ohio Journal of Science: Volume 94, Issue 1 (March, 1994)

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https://kb.osu.edu/handle/1811/22127

Front Matter
pp. 0
Article description | Article Full Text PDF (1001KB)

Nest-Site Characteristics of Red-bellied and Red-headed Woodpeckers and Northern Flickers in East-Central Ohio
Ingold, Danny J. pp. 2-7
Article description | Article Full Text PDF (621KB)

Overwintering Behavior of Adult Bullfrogs, Rana catesbeiana, in Northeastern Ohio
Stinner, Jerry; Zarlinga, Nicholas; Orcutt, Scott pp. 8-13
Article description | Article Full Text PDF (536KB)

Generation of Immunoprotection Against Squamous Cell Carcinomas by In Vitro Cultivation and a Possible Mechanism of Action
Jamasbi, Roudabeh J. pp. 14-23
Article description | Article Full Text PDF (2207KB)

History and Computerization of the Kent State University Herbarium
Cooperrider, Miwako K.; Cooperrider, Tom S. pp. 24-28
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Brief Note: Additions to the Flora of Cedar Bog, Champaign County, Ohio
McCormac, James S. pp. 29-30
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Book Reviews
pp. 31-31
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Reviewers of Manuscripts for the Ohio Journal of Science During 1993
pp. 35-35
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Back Matter
pp. 999
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Back Matter
(1994-03)
Reviewers of Manuscripts for the Ohio Journal of Science During 1993
(1994-03)
Book Reviews
(1994-03)
Brief Note: Additions to the Flora of Cedar Bog, Champaign County, Ohio
(1994-03) McCormac, James S.
Surveys of vascular plants in Cedar Bog State Memorial were conducted from 1990 through 1992 as part of a larger ecological study by the Ohio Department of Natural Resources. Cedar Bog is a fen, or alkaline bog, containing unusual habitats conducive to the growth of numerous plant taxa considered rare in Ohio. Investigations of the flora of this area began in the late 19th century and have continued intermittently to the present, making Cedar Bog one of the most thoroughly studied natural areas in Ohio. Thirty-eight species new to Cedar Bog were discovered, as well as two species thought to have been extirpated from Cedar Bog.
History and Computerization of the Kent State University Herbarium
(1994-03) Cooperrider, Miwako K.; Cooperrider, Tom S.
Herbarium specimens are useful resources in documenting the botanical component of the earth's biological diversity. The Kent State University Herbarium (KE) contains 63,000 specimens of vascular plants. Ohio specimens, most collected since I960, constitute 80% of the total. The herbarium is currently being computerized in order to facilitate retrieval of information from the specimens and from their labels and to realize other advantages in herbarium-related work. Specimen data are being stored in a computer information retrieval system using dBASE HI PLUS. The data are assembled in individual family database files, each file record comprising 24 fields of information. A program has been designed so that the printout of the fields resembles an herbarium specimen label. At present, data for all the pteridophytes, gymnosperms, and monocotyledons have been entered into 63 family files. When computerization of the dicotyledons is completed later in the decade, the database will consist of ca. 220 family files. The database provides an itemized inventory of the collection as well as ready, organized data for a variety of research areas, especially those focused on environmental change and on the preservation of biological diversity.
Generation of Immunoprotection Against Squamous Cell Carcinomas by In Vitro Cultivation and a Possible Mechanism of Action
(1994-03) Jamasbi, Roudabeh J.
The immunogenicity of individual diethylnitrosamine (DEN)-induced forestomach carcinomas in female BALB/c mice was investigated following in vitro and in vivo cultivation. Of the five transplantable tumor lines studied, (DEN1? DEN3, DEN6, DEN8, and DEN^ only two (DEN6 and DEN8) showed some degree of immunogenicity. DENX, E»EN3, and DEN9 were highly tumorigenic with very little immunogenic potency as judged by tumor transplantation-excision assay, Winn neutralization, and antibody binding tests. These three tumors grew rapidly and showed a high degree of malignancy. DENX and DEN3 also metastasized readily. Cell lines from DEN6 and DEN9 lost their tumorigenicity at the 5th and 50th passage of culture, respectively. Although DENa and DEN3 did not lose their tumorigenicity, the number of tumor cells required to produce tumors increased substantially and their ability to metastasize was lost. Tumor transplantation studies, with these cultured cell lines in normal and x-irradiated recipients, suggested that the decrease in tumorigenicity may be immunologically mediated. Mice immunized with the in vitro lines demonstrated transplantation resistance against the respective in vitro and in vivo lines. The treatment of in vivo or in vitro propagated cells with periodic acid or neuraminidase enhanced antigen-antibody binding significantly. The effect of these chemicals became less pronounced as in vitro culture continued. It appears that during in vivo cultivation the antigenic determinants are masked or modulated by some glycoprotein or glycolipid molecules which render them non-, or very weakly, immunogenic.
Overwintering Behavior of Adult Bullfrogs, Rana catesbeiana, in Northeastern Ohio
(1994-03) Stinner, Jerry; Zarlinga, Nicholas; Orcutt, Scott
Many species of ranid anurans overwinter in aquatic habitats such as streams, ponds, and lakes, but little is known about their behavior or location when submerged. Six adult bullfrogs (Rana catesbeiana) at two small ponds (-0.25 hectares each) in Summit County, OH, were followed through a hibernation period in 1991/1992 by means of radio transmitters. The purpose of the investigation was to determine the bullfrog's hibernation sites and movements during the overwintering period. Two of the frogs were native to the study sites, and the remaining four were collected from Ottawa County, OH, shortly before the study began. During November and December, all six frogs left their release sites and moved from 33 to 96 m to overwintering areas. Five of the frogs overwintered in relatively shallow areas near small inlet streams in the NW corner of the ponds. The remaining frog overwintered 1-2 m off the west shore. Collectively, the six frogs were located 208 times and were nearly always submerged. Frogs moved about even during the coldest periods (mid-December through mid-February). They were seen floating at the water's surface or sitting on the bank on only 10 occasions. Bullfrogs that were observed submerged on the pond bottom were not buried or covered by silt. This study suggests that adult bullfrogs prefer relatively warm, shallow water for hibernacula and that they remain active throughout the hibernation period.
Nest-Site Characteristics of Red-bellied and Red-headed Woodpeckers and Northern Flickers in East-Central Ohio
(1994-03) Ingold, Danny J.
In order to understand more clearly what factors limit the reproductive success of primary cavity-nesting birds, it is important to examine and compare the nest-site characteristics of sympatric species in a variety of forest and woodland habitats. To add to the data already available on various woodpecker species in eastern and central North America, several nest-site and habitat characteristics were compared and quantified for 46 red-bellied woodpecker (Melanerpes carolinus), 26 red-headed woodpecker (M. erythrocephalus), and 44 northern flicker (Colaptes auratus) nest cavities. Flicker nest cavities had larger entrances and were located lower in trees than were red-bellied and red-headed woodpecker cavities. Red-bellied woodpeckers excavated fresh nest cavities surrounded by bark in living trees significantly more often than flickers and red-headed woodpeckers. Red-bellied woodpecker cavities were also located in limbs angling downward more often than those of flickers and red-headed woodpeckers, although the difference in frequency was not significant. The compass orientation of nest cavities was random in all species. Redbellied woodpeckers nested in forested areas with abundant ground vegetation more frequently than did flickers and red-headed woodpeckers. The continued existence of northern flickers and particularly redheaded woodpeckers in the Unglaciated Plateau region of Ohio is probably dependent on the continued existence of large dead trees in the region.
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(1994-03)

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