Ohio Journal of Science: Volume 82, Issue 1 (March, 1982)

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https://kb.osu.edu/handle/1811/22066

Front Matter
pp. 0
Article description | Article Full Text PDF (651KB)

Additional Records and New Species of the Leafhopper Genus Scaris (Homoptera, Cicadellidae)
Freytag, Paul H.; DeLong, Dwight M. pp. 2-13
Article description | Article Full Text PDF (795KB)

Post-Pleistocene Development of Root-Shaped Ferruginous Concretions
Stieglitz, Ronald D.; Van Horn, Robert G pp. 14-18
Article description | Article Full Text PDF (1256KB)

Response of Big and Little Bluestem (Andropogon) Seedlings to Soil and Moisture Conditions
LaGory, Kirk E.; LaGory, Mary Katherine; Perino, Janice V. pp. 19-23
Article description | Article Full Text PDF (410KB)

Analyses and Evaluation of the Raw Materials Used in the Eaton (Hopewell) Furnace
White, John R. pp. 23-27
Article description | Article Full Text PDF (444KB)

Utilization of Space by Captive Groups of Lowland Gorillas (Gorilla G. Gorilla)
Hedeen, Stanley E. pp. 27-30
Article description | Article Full Text PDF (1176KB)

Immunologic Effects of Teichoic Acid, An Inanimate Bacterial Product in the Environment: A Review
Chorpenning, Frank W. pp. 31-37
Article description | Article Full Text PDF (486KB)

Afferent Projections of the Clare-Bishop Area in the Cat Cortex: A Horseradish Peroxidase Study
McGrath, A. J. J. pp. 38-48
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Intestinal Growth and in Vitro Transport of Glucose in the Rapidly Growing Rat
Toraason, M. A.; Wright, G. L. pp. 49-52
Article description | Article Full Text PDF (238KB)

Isotopic Study of Siderite Concretion, Tuscarawas County, Ohio
Orr, S. R.; Faure, Gunter.; Botoman, George pp. 52-54
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Prey Selection and Bioenergetics of Captive Screech Owls
Postler, Janice L.; Barrett, Gary W. pp. 55-58
Article description | Article Full Text PDF (311KB)

Transient Loss of Plasmid Mediated Mercuric Ion Resistance After Freezing and Thawing of Pseudomonas Auerginosa
Calcott, Peter H. pp. 59-66
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Threshold Perceptions of Phenylthiocarbamide: Absence of Sexual Dimorphism
Brown, Frankie; Corcos, Alain pp. 66-67
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Brief Note: Ruppia Maritima, New for the Flora of Ohio
Ungar, Irwin A.; Loveland, David G. pp. 68-68
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U. S. Postal Service Statement of Ownership, Management, and Circulation
pp. 69-69
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Book Reviews
pp. 70-71
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List of Reviewers of Papers Appearing in the Ohio Journal of Science During 1981
pp. 72-72
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Back Matter
pp. 999
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Now showing 1 - 18 of 18

Back Matter
(1982-03)
List of Reviewers of Papers Appearing in the Ohio Journal of Science During 1981
(1982-03)
Book Reviews
(1982-03)
U. S. Postal Service Statement of Ownership, Management, and Circulation
(1982-03)
Brief Note: Ruppia Maritima, New for the Flora of Ohio
(1982-03) Ungar, Irwin A.; Loveland, David G.
Threshold Perceptions of Phenylthiocarbamide: Absence of Sexual Dimorphism
(1982-03) Brown, Frankie; Corcos, Alain
Transient Loss of Plasmid Mediated Mercuric Ion Resistance After Freezing and Thawing of Pseudomonas Auerginosa
(1982-03) Calcott, Peter H.
After freezing and thawing, Pseudomonas aeruginosa harboring a drug resistance plasmid (Hg , Strep ), became acutely sensitive to mercuric ions but not to streptomycin in the plating medium. Its sensitivity to both agents in the plating medium became more pronounced, suggesting a synergistic effect of the mercuric ions with streptomycin. This freeze-thaw-induced sensitivity was transient and capable of being repaired in a simple salts medium (0.5%K2HPO4 + 0.04%MJSO4 pH7.7). Transient wall and membrane damage were also observed in frozen-thawed preparations. From kinetics studies, repair of membrane damage preceded repair of wall damage and damage measured by mercuric ions and mercuric ions plus streptomycin. Osmotically shocked cells also were sensitive to mercuric ions, mercuric ions plus streptomycin and sodium lauryl sulfate, but not to sodium chloride or streptomycin alone. This sensitivity was transient and capable of repair in the same simple salts medium. Active transport of a non-metabolisable amino acid, a-amino isobutyric acid, was sensitive to mercuric ions and became more so after freezing and thawing. A freeze-thaw resistant mercuric ion dependent NADPH oxido-reductase was localized in the cytoplasm, and the enzyme and an intact outer membrane appear to be required for mercuric ion resistance in this strain.
Prey Selection and Bioenergetics of Captive Screech Owls
(1982-03) Postler, Janice L.; Barrett, Gary W.
Screech owls appeared to select meadow voles {Microtus pennsylvanicus) as a primary food source, although deer mice (Peromyscus maniculatus) were apparently equally abundant and vulnerable. This feeding behavior resulted in a larger energy reward. A mean ingestion rate of 0.37 kcal/g live wt/day was derived from average values of 29-3 g live wt/day for Microtus as prey and only 11.3 g live wt/day for Peromyscus. Assimilation energy (ingestion-pellets-feces) was 0.28 kcal/g live wt/day; the mean assimilation efficiency (ingested energy-pellet energy-fecal energy/ingested energy x 100) was 76%. These findings support the hypothesis that a large energy reward is a prime factor in prey selection.
Isotopic Study of Siderite Concretion, Tuscarawas County, Ohio
(1982-03) Orr, S. R.; Faure, Gunter; Botoman, George
A carbonate concretion from the shale bed overlying the No. 5 coal of Pennsylvanian age in Tuscarawas County is composed of siderite and contains pyrite, barite, sphalerite and traces of calcite in its interior and in fractures. The siderite has 8I 3C= +0.65%o, Sr=289 ppm and 87Sr/86Sr=0.7110±0.0009- These results indicate that the siderite was deposited from brackish water in the pore spaces of the sediment and discredit the hypothesis that the carbonate ions originated by oxidation of peat or organic material. The barite has 8 S=— 4.6%o, indicating that it was not precipitated from sea water. Pyrite and sphalerite have 8 S= — 10.8%o and — 4.6%o, respectively, and were not deposited in isotopic equilibrium with each other. The sulfur in all three minerals is enriched in l6S as a result of bacterial reduction of sulfate to sulfide.
Intestinal Growth and in Vitro Transport of Glucose in the Rapidly Growing Rat
(1982-03) Toraason, M. A.; Wright, G. L.
We examined the in vitro transport and utilization of glucose by the intestinal epithelium in rats during the period of rapid growth between 8 and 12 weeks of age. The dry weight per centimeter in length of jejunum increased in direct proportion to body weight during this interval. The absorption of glucose at the mucosal surface (per unit length of gut) did not change with growth. In contrast, the serosal secretion of glucose decreased indicating the utilization of glucose was elevated. It was further shown that the increase in glucose usage was highly correlated with the increase in intestinal dry weight that occurred during the four week interval. The data indicate the increase in intestinal tissue with growth did not result in a corresponding increase in the capacity of the intestinal epithelium to absorb glucose. We attributed the discrepancy in the transport of glucose at the mucosal and serosal surfaces to increased diversion of absorbed glucose for metabolism by intestinal tissue.
Afferent Projections of the Clare-Bishop Area in the Cat Cortex: A Horseradish Peroxidase Study
(1982-03) McGrath, A. J. J.
Recent studies of the Clare-Bishop (CB) area (the lateral suprasylvian area) have supported the role of this extrastriate, retinotopically-organized cortical region in visual and oculomotor functions. Anatomical studies were undertaken using retrograde horseradish peroxidase (HRP) techniques to define its afferent connections. Results indicate that CB receives substantial input from the ipsilateral striate and parastriate visual cortex (areas 17, 18 and 19), the contralateral CB area, claustrum, thalamus (ventral anterior nucleus, intralaminar nuclei, LP-pulvinar complex, posterior nucleus, dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus), and several brain stem nuclei (rostral linear nucleus, ventral tegmental area of Tsai, locus ceruleus, raphe nuclei). The results of the present investigation provide an anatomical substrate for the proposed role of the Clare-Bishop area in visual and oculomotor functions.
Immunologic Effects of Teichoic Acid, An Inanimate Bacterial Product in the Environment: A Review
(1982-03) Chorpenning, Frank W.
A variety of stable bacterial products such as lipopolysaccharide and teichoic acid are present ubiquitously in the environment. These substances have the potential for inducing extensive biological effects in animals, some of which are of great impact on the immune response. For example, injected or orally administered glycerol teichoic acid induces antibodies of unrelated specificities and may either enhance or suppress other immune responses nonspecifically. More importantly, environmental teichoic acid contained in the food of rats suppresses antibody responses to foreign erythrocytes. In view of this demonstrated suppression, the possibility exists for a dual immunologic regulatory role by bacterial substances in the environment.
Utilization of Space by Captive Groups of Lowland Gorillas (Gorilla G. Gorilla)
(1982-03) Hedeen, Stanley E.
Juvenile lowland gorillas caged together in 2 groups at Cincinnati Zoo displayed habitual use of particular cage sections. Dominant larger gorillas limited their space use more than did smaller gorillas.
Analyses and Evaluation of the Raw Materials Used in the Eaton (Hopewell) Furnace
(1982-03) White, John R.
Analyses of samples of the raw materials locally available for use in the Eaton (Hopewell) Furnace indicate that the iron ore and bituminous coal were of good smelting quality while the limestone (flux) was not. The limestone had a much higher then desirable silica content and a low calcium content. The limestone was insufficient to the task of removing impurities introduced through the fuel combination of charcoal and raw coal and contributed to the early demise of the furnace operation only 6 years after its start.
Response of Big and Little Bluestem (Andropogon) Seedlings to Soil and Moisture Conditions
(1982-03) LaGory, Kirk E.; LaGory, Mary Katherine; Perino, Janice V.
Growth responses of Andropogon gerardi Vitman (big bluestem) and A. scoparius Michx. (little bluestem) seedlings to variable soil type (silt loam vs. clay loam) and soil moisture (dry vs. wet) were examined when individuals were grown in pure and mixed-species cultures. Both species exhibited better growth in more mesic soils (wet and/or clay loam). Dry soil had a significant negative effect on shoot height, shoot production, and total production of A. gerardi and resulted in increased root/shoot ratios. Shoot height and shoot production of A. scoparius also declined in dry soil, but to a lesser extent. Growth of each species was not significantly different in pure and mixed-species cultures at the density employed in our study (495 plants/m2). Our data suggest that in natural prairie communities, interspecific interference between seedlings is relatively unimportant in determining the later distribution of adults. Rather, A. gerardi is restricted to mesic lowland sites because of seedling sensitivity to drier conditions; and A. scoparius is excluded from these sites through shading by the taller, mature A. gerardi. Seedling tolerance to low soil moisture allows A. scoparius to colonize xeric upland sites and therefore coexist with A. gerardi.
Post-Pleistocene Development of Root-Shaped Ferruginous Concretions
(1982-03) Stieglitz, Ronald D.; Van Horn, Robert G.
During investigations of the surficial geology of Summit County, Ohio, concretions were noted at several locations in the bed and banks of the East Fork Rocky River. The concretions are generally root-shaped, noncalcareous, and concentrically banded by iron hydroxide, with a prominent central tube. They are found in the uppermost portion of Pleistocene lake sediments below coarse sand and gravel. Because the concretions are restricted in occurrence to a few specific localities, their formation results from a unique combination of stratigraphy, materials of the deposit, ground water conditions and the penetration of the silt by plant roots. The concretions are presently forming in the fine-grained silts where roots promote the oxidation of iron compounds by withdrawing water, facilitating the entry of oxygen, and altering surrounding pH conditions.
Additional Records and New Species of the Leafhopper Genus Scaris (Homoptera, Cicadellidae)
(1982-03) Freytag, Paul H.; DeLong, Dwight M.
New records in Latin America are documented for the first time for 12 leafhopper species of the genus Scarts. Included are the following: S. sidera, Colombia; S. ungua first females, French Guiana; S. ingula, Venezuela; S. defect a, Brazil; S. bkolorata, Surinam; S. zipha first female, French Guiana; S. vulgata, Costa Rica; S. laticephala, Venezuela; S. exerata, French Guiana; 5\ caballa, Colombia and first female, Venezuela; S. lecta, Brazil; and S. cirra, French Guiana. Also 19 new species are added to the genus. They include: S. abrupta n.sp., Venezuela; S. rabida n.sp., Venezuela and Guyana; S. habena n.sp., French Guiana; S. talota n.sp., Brazil; S. metra n.sp., Guyana; S. saga n.sp., French Guiana; S. taenia n.sp., Brazil and French Guiana; S. ovata n.sp., Brazil and Peru; S. radiata n.sp., Brazil; S. lurida n.sp., Panama; S. vagans n.sp., Panama; S. tabulata n.sp., Costa Rica; S. genalis n.sp., French Guiana and Brazil; S. minima n.sp., French Guiana; S. vagata n.sp., Brazil; S. unita n.sp., Colombia; S. lupita n.sp.,.French Guiana; S. atrata n.sp., Brazil; and S. relicta n.sp., Surinam.
Front Matter
(1982-03)

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