Ask: Research and Methods. Volume 31, Issue 1 (2022)

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https://kb.osu.edu/handle/1811/102586

Issue DOI: https://doi.org/10.18061/ask.v31i1

Front Matter
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Articles

The Use of Drawings and Sketch Maps to Identify Spatial Attitudes of the Inhabitants of Urban Enclaves
Nóżka, Marcjanna pp. 3-26
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Changes in ‘ordinary’ life. Covid-19’s effects on young students’ mental and physical well-being
Sonzogni, Barbara; D’Ambrosio, Gabriella; Germani, Dario pp. 27-46
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Empirical and Social Anxiety about the Covid-19 Pandemic: Measurement, Diagnosis, Modelling
Paprocki, Rafał; Wróblewska-Jachna, Joanna pp. 47-68
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Theoretical and methodological challenges of studying the impartiality of justice evaluations
Wysieńska-Di Carlo, Kinga; Karpiński, Zbigniew pp. 69-98
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Investigating the Factor Structure of iSkills™
Katz, Irvin R.; Rijmen, Frank; Attali, Yigal pp. 99-117
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Back Matter
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Now showing 1 - 7 of 7

Front Matter (Volume 31, Issue 1, 2022)
(The Ohio State University Libraries in partnership with the Institute of Philosophy and Sociology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 2022)
Changes in ‘ordinary’ life. Covid-19’s effects on young students’ mental and physical well-being
(The Ohio State University Libraries in partnership with the Institute of Philosophy and Sociology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 2022) Sonzogni, Barbara; D’Ambrosio, Gabriella; Germani, Dario
The present paper builds on the topic of ‘disaster studies’, addressing the most crucial theoretical aspects of them: a) the purpose of studying «meaningful interactions» between the social system and the individuals and their actions; b) the conviction that, in cases of a pandemic or natural disasters, pain and tragedy can take on unequalled levels of emergency, generating powerful effects as relates to the rhythms of ‘ordinary’ life; c) the role of cognitive processes in conditioning daily life and determining individual predispositions towards the future. From this perspective, the research explores the results obtained from an online survey conducted in 2021 on all Sapienza’s students, who have spent an academic mobility period outside Italy or inside Rome. The analysis explores variations and influences of the cognitive-emotional dimension (beliefs, desires, opportunities) on the (intention-to-) action dimension (attitudes, actions), especially considering the physical and mental well-being aspects.
Empirical and Social Anxiety about the covid-19 pandemic: Measurement, Diagnosis, Modelling
(The Ohio State University Libraries in partnership with the Institute of Philosophy and Sociology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 2022) Paprocki, Rafał; Wróblewska-Jachna, Joanna
The article contains the results of a survey conducted among students of two higher education institutions: University of Bielsko-Biała (ATH) and Cavalry Captain Witold Pilecki State University of Małopolska in Oświęcim (MUP). The study utilises the achievements of economics and sociology in the field of behavioural modelling through the public communication ecosystem. Based on the R. Dunbar’s social brain model and D. Kahneman’s dual-system theory, a new model of attitude measurement was introduced. The model was used to determine the empirical level of anxiety about the Sars-CoV-2 virus. The diagnostic purpose of the study required the operational definition of such research categories as: baseline anxiety, empirical anxiety, social anxiety, modelled sample range, baseline mortality rate, and empirical mortality rate. The scale and base parameters for the studied phenomenon were established on the basis of the official statistical data on Covid-19 mortality in Poland. The results of the study indicate a significant difference in the perception of the primary pandemic risk; the primary picture of risk (empirically observed mortality rate) turned out to be 57 times lower than the secondary picture of risk (official mortality rate). The conclusions of the study illustrate the phenomenon of communication dissonance and behavioural modelling during the Covid-19 pandemic.
Theoretical and methodological challenges of studying the impartiality of justice evaluations
(The Ohio State University Libraries in partnership with the Institute of Philosophy and Sociology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 2022) Wysieńska-Di Carlo, Kinga; Karpiński, Zbigniew
We extend Jasso and colleagues’ (Jasso, Shelly, Webster 2019) research into expressiveness and impartiality of justice evaluations, both methodologically and substantively. Substantively, using the concepts developed within the distributive justice framework, we bridge the justice evaluation function with theories of reward expectations and social identity to explain variation in expressiveness across situations. We hypothesize that such variation is systematically linked to the degree of (dis)similarity between the evaluator and the person being evaluated. Methodologically, we propose a novel analytical strategy to estimate expressiveness and to test hypotheses about its variability based on a series of mixed-effects models with random slopes and random intercepts. To verify our hypotheses, we use data from a recent vignette survey carried out in Poland on a nationwide sample. Our results are more consistent with reward expectation theory than with social identity theory.
Investigating the Factor Structure of iSkills™
(The Ohio State University Libraries in partnership with the Institute of Philosophy and Sociology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 2022) Katz, Irvin R.; Rijmen, Frank; Attali, Yigal
This paper investigates the issue of internal validity in the context of complex assessments and constructs, focusing on Information and Communication Technology (ICT) literacy as measured by the iSkills assessment. Utilizing exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses, the paper aims to explore the internal structure of the iSkills assessment vis-à-vis unidimensional and multidimensional views of ICT literacy. The results indicate that ICT literacy, as measured by iSkills, emerges more as an integrated skill set rather than as distinct domains. The paper contributes to the broader conversation on the internal structure of assessments designed for complex constructs.
Back Matter (Volume 31, Issue 1, 2022)
(The Ohio State University Libraries in partnership with the Institute of Philosophy and Sociology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 2022)
The Use of Drawings and Sketch Maps to Identify Spatial Attitudes of the Inhabitants of Urban Enclaves
(The Ohio State University Libraries in partnership with the Institute of Philosophy and Sociology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 2022) Nóżka, Marcjanna
Based on the results of the author’s research conducted in 2014-2016 with the participation of the inhabitants of two urban enclaves of poverty in Poland, the article focuses on mobility and various spatial attitudes which have been identified on the basis of the participants’ drawings and sketch maps related to their place of residence: the yard, the nearest neighbourhood and the city. When constructing the model of attitudes, the author was inspired by Stomma’s ethnological description of world and anti-world, and the levels of existential space distinguished by Norberg-Schulz. The model includes: imaginations and feelings towards specified spaces, by some seen as their own and tamed (orbis interior), while by others as foreign and wild (orbis exterior); and spatial mobility, determined on the basis of spatial orientation (implosive, explosive) and spatial behaviour of the subjects (exploratory, escapist, inertial). A typology of spatial attitudes is proposed based on these variables.

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