Ohio Journal of Science: Volume 108, Issue 4 (September, 2008)

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https://kb.osu.edu/handle/1811/48362

Front Matter
pp. 0
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Population Structure of Coyote (Canis latrans) in the Urban Landscape of the Cleveland, Ohio Area
Rashleigh, Rebecca M.; Krebs, Robert A.; Van Keulen, Harry pp. 54-59
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Effects of Sex and Age on Winter Diet of American Martens in Michigan
Hales, Andrea L.; Belant, Jerrold L.; Bird, Jacqueline pp. 60-64
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Dispersion Modeling of Mercury Emissions from Coal-Fired Power Plants at Coshocton and Manchester, Ohio
Lee, Sang-Sup; Keener, Tim C. pp. 65-69
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Obituaries
pp. 70-79
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Back Matter
pp. 999
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Front Matter
(2008-09)
Population Structure of Coyote (Canis latrans) in the Urban Landscape of the Cleveland, Ohio Area
(2008-09) Rashleigh, Rebecca M.; Krebs, Robert A.; Van Keulen, Harry
To obtain information on the population structure of coyote (Canis latrans) in an urban setting, a non-invasive genetic sampling technique was applied that consisted of DNA isolation from scat collected around the Cleveland metropolitan area. Muscle tissue was provided from two other coyotes. Amplifying the mitochondrial D-loop or control region produced 33 haplotypes from just 57 coyote sequences and two additional dog sequences from putative coyote-dog hybrids. The mitochondrial DNA genetic diversity in the Cleveland area was high, π 0.02, and composed of six distinct haplotype lineages. In addition, Fst values ranged from 0.07 between collections east and west of the Cuyahoga River to 0.17 for samples separated between the Cuyahoga River valley and the adjacent Rocky River valley to the west. Interstate highways may restrict gene flow between populations that are based around the numerous large parks while channeling migrants towards the urbanized center. The low number of haplotypes sampled may attest to a poor reproductive rate after arrival, and the two dog-like haplotypes, which were confirmed using a nuclear gene, may be a secondary consequence of low mating opportunities for surviving males.
Effects of Sex and Age on Winter Diet of American Martens in Michigan
(2008-09) Hales, Andrea L.; Belant, Jerrold L.; Bird, Jacqueline
We investigated whether sex or age influenced winter diet in American martens (Martes americana) from the Upper Peninsula of Michigan by analyzing gut content of 151 individuals trapped during 2000–2004. We identified 433 occurrences of 10 prey species and classified them into six groups based on body size. Overall, marten diets were similar to those reported previously. Proportion of prey groups and kilocalories consumed were generally similar between male and female marten diets, as well as between juveniles and adults. Average dietary breadth (0.46) was comparatively high but within the range reported for other North American studies. Dietary overlap (0.99) was high between males and females and between juveniles and adults. Comparable diets between sexes suggest that size sexual dimorphism was unrelated to prey species consumed. Similarly, diets of juveniles and adults were comparable. Mice and voles occurred most frequently in marten diets; however, squirrels represented the greatest proportion of kilocalories consumed. Future studies of marten diet should emphasize prey abundance.
Dispersion Modeling of Mercury Emissions from Coal-Fired Power Plants at Coshocton and Manchester, Ohio
(2008-09) Lee, Sang-Sup; Keener, Tim C.
Mercury emissions from coal-fired power plants are estimated to contribute to approximately 46% of the total U. S. anthropogenic mercury emissions and required to be regulated by maximum achievable control technology (MACT) standards. Dispersion modeling of mercury emissions using the AERMOD model and the Industrial Source Complex Short Term (ISCST3) model was conducted for two representative coal-fired power plants at Coshocton and Manchester, Ohio. Atmospheric mercury concentrations, dry mercury deposition rates, and wet mercury deposition rates were predicted in a 5 × 5 km area surrounding the Conesville and JM Stuart coal-fired power plants. In addition, the analysis results of meteorological parameters showed that wet mercury deposition is dependent on precipitation, but dry mercury deposition is influenced by various meteorological factors.
Obituaries
(2008-09)
Back Matter
(2008-09)

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