Ohio Journal of Science: Volume 70, Issue 1 (January, 1970)

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Front Matter
pp 0
Article description | Article Full Text PDF (914KB)

The Bass Islands Formation in its Type Region
Sparling, Dale R. pp 1-33
Article description | Article Full Text PDF (19028KB)

Book Review
pp 33-33
Article description | Article Full Text PDF (47KB)

A Critical Evaluation of Tissue-Immersion Methods for Measurement of Plant Water Potential
O'Leary, James W. pp 34-38
Article description | Article Full Text PDF (466KB)

Book Review
pp 38-38
Article description | Article Full Text PDF (82KB)

The Sandahl Molluscan Fauna (Illinoian) from McPherson County, Kansas
Miller, Barry B. pp 39-50
Article description | Article Full Text PDF (910KB)

Agricultural Pollution of Water Bodies
Edwards, William M.; Harrold, Lloyd L. pp 50-56
Article description | Article Full Text PDF (679KB)

Bangia Atropurpurea (Roth) A. in Western Lake Erie
Kishler, Jack; Taft, Clarence E. pp 56-57
Article description | Article Full Text PDF (135KB)

Book Review
pp 57-57
Article description | Article Full Text PDF (53KB)

Economic Aspects of the Biology and Control of the Oriental Fruit Moth, Grapholitha Molesta Busck, in the United States
Rings, Roy W. pp 58-61
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Book Reviews
pp 62-63
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A List of Reviewers of Papers Appearing in the Ohio Journal of Science During 1969
pp 64-64
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Back Matter
pp 999
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  • Item
    Back Matter
    (1970-01)
  • Item
    Book Reviews
    (1970-01)
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    Economic Aspects of the Biology and Control of the Oriental Fruit Moth, Grapholitha Molesta Busck, in the United States
    (1970-01) Rings, Roy W.
    The oriental fruit moth has caused considerable damage to fruit crops in the United States since its introduction from Japan about 1913. The greatest damage occurred during the period between 1930 and 1950, when fruit moth larvae damaged the tender shoots and fruit of peach and quince. Biological control, in the form of widespread releases of fruit-moth parasites imported from Japan, Korea, Europe, and Australia, was unsuccessful since these parasites did not become permanently established. Indigenous parasites, however, notably Macrocentrus ancylivorus, were very effective, although no foreign colonization of this species has been successful. Chemical control with DDT has been extremely effective in reducing populations of oriental fruit moth; however, populations of European red mite were greatly increased by such treatment. A better an safer insecticide now appears to be carbaryl, which is also effective against plum curculio, stink bugs, and plant bugs, although it does not control mites. An additional advantage of carbaryl is that it can be used closer to harvest than can DDT or other insecticides. It is suggested that chemical insecticides belonging to different chemical classes be alternated to avoid the development of chemical resistance in the species.
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    Book Review
    (1970-01)
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    Bangia Atropurpurea (Roth) A. in Western Lake Erie
    (1970-01) Kishler, W. Jack; Taft, Clarence E.
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    Agricultural Pollution of Water Bodies
    (1970-01) Edwards, William M.; Harrold, Lloyd L.
    Pollution of Ohio's water bodies is of growing public concern; industrial, urban, and rural sources are becoming the subject of critical examination. Rural sources are soil sediment, plant nutrients, animal waste, and pesticides. Pesticides and phosphorus are absorbed rapidly and strongly to soil particles. Therefore reductions in sediment, phosphorus, and pesticide pollution are achieved by soil-erosion-control farming practices. More acres need to be brought under erosion-control practices. Nitrates dissolve in water and are carried by surface flow to streams and lakes, and by percolating water to underground aquifers. Increases in the use of nitrogen fertilizer, in evidence almost everywhere, could result in serious contamination of water bodies, if soil enrichment greatly exceeds the crop demand. Areas where large-scale livestock and poultry production is concentrated are also potential sources of serious pollution. In Ohio, animalwaste pollution problems are being studied at The Ohio State University, and movement of pollutants in surface and subsurface waters on drainage plots near Castalia are being studied by the Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center and on agricultural watersheds by USDA Agricultural Research Service at Coshocton, Ohio.
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    The Sandahl Molluscan Fauna (Illinoian) from McPherson County, Kansas
    (1970-01) Miller, Barry B.
    An early- or middle-Illinoian-age molluscan fauna containing 63 species is reported from sediments deposited by ancestral Smoky Hill River in McPherson County, Kansas. The fauna contains four species, Lampsilis ventricosa, Pleurobema cordatum catillus, Strophitus rugosus, and Bulimulus dealbatus, not previously reported as fossils in the state. The relative diversity of unionid species, which includes Quadrula quadrula, Pleurobema cordatum catillus, Strophitus rugosus, Lasmigona complanata, and Lampsilis ventricosa, together with the abundance of Probythinella lacustris, imply the former existence of a river substantially larger than the present Smoky Hill River. The paucity of strictly woodland forms and the abundance of terrestrial species preferring or capable of tolerating relatively dry, open conditions, suggest that only scattered stands of trees bordered the river. Much of the valley slope and upland were probably covered with scattered trees, shrub, and open grass meadow. The present distribution in Kansas of the extant species of unionids from this fauna suggests that, at the time the Sandahl fauna lived, the upper Smoky Hill River may have been tributary to the Arkansas River by way of the Cottonwood-Neosho system. The climate at the time the Sandahl mollusks lived apparently combined average summer temperatures of between 65° to 70°F, cooler than those now characterizing the McPherson County area, with average winter temperatures of between 30° to 35°F. Precipitation was not necessarily any greater than that now characteristic of the east-central Kansas area (20-30 inches). Lower summer temperatures probably greatly reduced evapotranspiration rates and contributed to a significant increase in groundwater recharge and surface runoff.
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    Book Review
    (1970-01)
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    A Critical Evaluation of Tissue-Immersion Methods for Measurement of Plant Water Potential
    (1970-01) O'Leary, James W.
    Plant water potential was measured simultaneously by the change-in-length method and the Schardakow-dye method on segments of potato tubers. In over half of the tests, the change-in-length method underestimated the true water potential, interpreted to be the result of several sources of error inherent in the method. Therefore, the dye method is strongly recommended as the only tissue-immersion method suitable for field measurement of plant water potential.
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    Book Review
    (1970-01)
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    The Bass Islands Formation in its Type Region
    (1970-01) Sparling, Dale R.
    The Upper Silurian Bass Islands Formation has as its type region the Bass Islands, of Ottawa County, Ohio. Originally divided into the Greenfield, Tymochtee, Put-in-Bay, and Raisin River subunits, it has been classed as a series, group, and formation by different workers, and has been redefined, restricted, and even eliminated in the subsurface by others. The Bass Islands is here considered to be a formation, divisible, in the type region, into the four members listed above. The formation, which consists entirely of hypersaline facies, disconformably overlies the marine Lockport ("Guelph") Dolomite and is separated from the overlying Amherstburg Dolomite by the Tippecanoe-Kaskaskia unconformity. The Greenfield Member consists of about 110 feet of dolomite lacking in argillaceous matter. It is equivalent to the A1 unit of the Salina of subsurface terminology, and a widespread disconformity at its top corresponds to the "Newburg" zone of the subsurface. The Tymochtee Member comprises about 560 feet of dolomite, anhydrite, gypsum, and shale which correspond to the A2 and other lettered subdivisions of the Salina. Disconformably overlying the Tymochtee are about 80 feet of dolomite forming the Put-in-Bay and Raisin River members, which can be differentiated (by degree of brecciation) only in the Lake Erie islands. Brecciated units characterize the Put-in-Bay, and breccias locally occupy channels cut into the upper part of the Tymochtee. The Raisin River is characterized by more limited brecciation and by pseudobreccias. The paleogeographic setting and association with penesaline facies suggest that most carbonates of the Bass Islands Formation have been dolomitized by seepage refluxion prior to final lithification.
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    Front Matter
    (1970-01)