Ask: Research and Methods. Volume 2, Issue 1 (1995)

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Wpływ sposobu formułowania pytań kwestionariuszowych na uzyskiwane odpowiedzi [An effect of wording of questions on responses]
Grémy, Jean-Paul pp. 7-19
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Dlaczego respondenci zgadzają się na wywiad? Problemy aranżacji wywiadu w badaniach surveyowych [Why respondents agree to be interviewed? The problems of arrangement of an interview in survey research]
Sztabinski, Pawel B. pp. 21-35
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Cechy ankietera a wiarygodność danych uzyskiwanych w badaniach kwestionariuszowych [Characteristics of interviewer and validity of data in survey research]
Dukaczewska, Aleksandra pp. 37-52
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Klasyfikacje zawodów w badaniach społecznych [Classifications of occupations in social research]
Sawinski, Zbigniew pp. 53-75
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Polska Socjologiczna Klasyfikacja Zawodów: PSKZ-1995. Propozycja badawcza [The Polish Sociological Classification of Occupations: PSCO-1995. Proposal of the research tool]
Domanski, Henryk; Sawinski, Zbigniew pp. 77-93
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Polska Socjologiczna Klasyfikacja Zawodów (PSKZ-1995) [The Polish Sociological Classification of Occupations: PSCO-1995]
Kucharska, Elzbieta; Domanski, Henryk; Sawinski, Zbigniew pp. 96-156
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Ankieter jako źródło zniekształceń w procesie badawczym. Omówienie projektu [An interviewer as a cause of bias in the research]
Sztabinski, Pawel B. pp. 159-168
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    Polska Socjologiczna Klasyfikacja Zawodów (PSKZ-1995)
    (IFiS Publishers, 1995) Kucharska, Elżbieta; Domański, Henryk; Sawiński, Zbigniew
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    Polska Socjologiczna Klasyfikacja Zawodów: PSKZ-1995. Propozycja badawcza
    (IFiS Publishers, 1995) Domański, Henryk; Sawiński, Zbigniew
    The occupation is a basic indicator of placement of individuals in social structure. We recommend, here, the new Polish Sociological Classification of Occupations - PSCO 1995, which is supposed to be adapted to the current structure of the Polish society, after deep structural transformations taking place in the 1990s. Our proposal responds to the needs for a new schema of coding and new analytical tool because occupational classifications that researchers used to utilize are relatively old - these were constructed in the 1970s to reflect quite different social structure of the Polish society. In what follows we: describe PSCO - 1995, set up its theoretical and methodological foundations as well as we point out possibility to make use of the computer program for coding data concerning occupational position.
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    Klasyfikacje zawodów w badaniach społecznych
    (IFiS Publishers, 1995) Sawiński, Zbigniew
    While occupation comes to be utilized as basic variable in social research, occupational classifications serve to be a basic tool in coding and analysis of data on social stratification and socio-occupational status. Occupational classifications may be simply included in a questionnaires while collecting data. However, one seeks for - chiefly - to receive more detailed information on occupational activity, which are next coded and assigned to relevant entries of the classification. In this paper I figure out occupational classifications applied in social research carried out in Poland.
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    Cechy ankietera a wiarygodność danych uzyskiwanych w badaniach kwestionariuszowych
    (IFiS Publishers, 1995) Dukaczewska, Aleksandra
    The analyses presented here deal with the interviewer's effect in survey research. An attempt is made to estimate its size basing on the data from the Polish General Social Survey and information on selected individual characteristics of interviewers. I took into account their sex, age, marital status, education, income, occupation and work experience in interviewing. On the one hand, any significant correlation occurred between interviewers' characteristics and certain selected variables on the part of data collected by them. However, on the other hand, interviewers' characteristics - as token all in all - account for a significant proportion of the total variance of the criterion variables. It amounted to 11-27% for questions on 'objective facts' and 39-63% as concerns attitudinal questions. In discussion of the results the caution is made that so high interviewer's effect may be inflated by some aspects of situation of interviewing that could not have been token controlled for.
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    Dlaczego respondenci zgadzają się na wywiad? Problemy aranżacji wywiadu w badaniach surveyowych
    (IFiS Publishers, 1995) Sztabiński, Paweł B.
    An arrangement of the interviewing aims at making respondents known about the goals of research and persuade them to respond questions. Basing on results of analyses of empirical data I point out here: (1) what is the rationale that respondents use to agree to be interviewed, and (2) which categories of respondents, and to what extent, are susceptible to persuasion of interviewers. An attempt is also made to show how far the argumentation during the arrangement of interviews can affect validity of responses.
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    Wpływ sposobu formułowania pytań kwestionariuszowych na uzyskiwane odpowiedzi
    (IFiS Publishers, 1995) Grémy, Jean-Paul
    A new series of split-ballot experiments into the effects of the formulation of questions upon the results of surveys have been carried out in France since 1987. The main findings of these experiments deal with such problems as middle alternative, don't knows answers, response order, tone of wording, and questions' order. The analyses demonstrate, how far these elements affect answers given by respondent during an interview.