Ohio Journal of Science: Volume 83, Issue 1 (March, 1983)

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Front Matter
pp. 0
Article description | Article Full Text PDF (647KB)

Organic-walled Microphytoplankton Abundance and Strategraphic Distribution from the Middle Devonian Columbus and Delaware Limestones of the Hamilton Quarry, Marion County, Ohio
Wicander, Reed; Wright, Robert P. pp. 2-13
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Analysis of Growth of the Red-Tailed Hawk
Springer, Mark Andrew; Osborne, David R. pp. 13-19
Article description | Article Full Text PDF (497KB)

Population Growth of the Pitcher Plant, Sarracenia Purprea L., at Cranberry Bog, Licking County, Ohio
Schwaegerle, Kent E. pp. 19-22
Article description | Article Full Text PDF (308KB)

Prairies Lost to Forests: A 33-Year History of Two Sites in Adams County, Ohio
Annala, Anne E.; Dubois, John D.; Kapustka, Lawrence A. pp. 22-27
Article description | Article Full Text PDF (1572KB)

Normal Neuronal Clustering in the neck Region of the Human Gallbladder Wall and Corresponding Neuronal Denudement in Chagas Disease
Conte, Vinicio P.; Pinotti, Henrique W.; Bettarello, Agostinho pp. 28-30
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Comparison of Food Resource Removal by Animals in Forest, Old-Field, and Ecotone Habitats
Polgar, Leslie W.; Barrett, Gary W. pp. 31-34
Article description | Article Full Text PDF (654KB)

Herring Gulls Nesting in Artificial Goose-Nesting Structures
Hoffman, Robert D. pp. 34-37
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Quaternary Stratigraphy of Richfield Township, Summit County Ohio
Szabo, John P.; Angle, Michael P. pp. 38-44
Article description | Article Full Text PDF (492KB)

A Survey of Bats in Wayne National Forest, Ohio
Lacki, Michael J.; Bookhout, Theodore A. pp. 45-50
Article description | Article Full Text PDF (387KB)

Lipids of Senescent Leaf Tissue Induced by Inhibition of Synthesis and Acceleration of Breakdown
Hancock, J. F.; Antonio, Thomas M.; Dalgarn, D. S. ; Newman, D. W. pp. 50-54
Article description | Article Full Text PDF (361KB)

Geochemical Study of an Equine Enterolith, Medina County, Ohio
Taylor, Karen S.; Faure, Gunter pp. 54-59
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New Upper Ordovician Echinoderm Site: Bull Fork Formation, Caesar Creek Reservoir (Warren County, Ohio)
Schumacher, Gregory A.; Ausich, William I. pp. 60-64
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Prey Coat Color Selection and Bioenergetics of Captive Screech Owls
Trumpy, R. David; Barrett, Gary W.; Kruse, Elizabeth A. pp. 65-67
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Brief Note: A New State Butterfly Record for Ohio
Iftner, David C. pp. 67-68
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Book Reviews
pp. 69-70
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List of Reviewers of Papers Appearing in the Ohio Journal of Science During 1982
pp. 71
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Back Matter
pp. 999
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  • Item
    Back Matter
    (1983-03)
  • Item
    Book Reviews
    (1983-03)
  • Item
    Brief Note: A New State Butterfly Record for Ohio
    (1983-03) Iftner, David C.
  • Item
    Prey Coat Color Selection and Bioenergetics of Captive Screech Owls
    (1983-03) Trumpy, R. David; Barrett, Gary W.; Kruse, Elizabeth A.
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    New Upper Ordovician Echinoderm Site: Bull Fork Formation, Caesar Creek Reservoir (Warren County, Ohio)
    (1983-03) Schumacher, Gregory A.; Ausich, William I.
    The Emergency Spillway of Caesar Creek Reservoir (Warren County, Ohio) exposes 21.3 m of the middle Bull Fork Formation (Peck 1966). Eight echinoderm genera from 2 classes have been recovered from this section including the crinoids Cincinnaticrinus pentagonus, Cupulocrinus polydactylus, Dendrocrinus casei, Dendrocrinus sp., Gaurocrinus nealli, Lichenocrinus sp. and Xenocrinus sp. and the stelleroids Kenothecaster sp. and (?) Petraster sp. Stratigraphic position and notes on the depositional environment are given for each echinoderm occurrence.
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    Geochemical Study of an Equine Enterolith, Medina County, Ohio
    (1983-03) Taylor, Karen S.; Faure, Gunter
    An intestinal concretion (enterolith) was recovered during necropsy of a horse from Medina County, Ohio. The object is approximately spherical in shape and measures 9 X 8 X 7 cm in diameter. It is composed of struvite (NH4MgPO4 • 6H2O). The monohydrate dittmarite was not found. In addition to Mg and P, significant concentrations (^500 ppm) of Ca, K, and Fe and lesser amounts (^500 ppm) of Na, Mn, Rb and Sr were measured. The concretion is concentrically zoned with concentrations of Ca, Sr, Fe and Na decreasing from the inside out whereas those of K and Rb increase. The concentrations of Mg and Mn appear to be constant within analytical uncertainty. The cause for the chemical zonation of the enterolith is not known. The Rb/Sr ratio of the struvite is high compared to that of calcium phosphate and ranges from 4.9 to 20.7. The 87Sr/86Sr ratio is 0.7101 ± 0.0003 which leads to the interpretation that most of the Sr available to plants in the soil of Medina County was derived from particles of Devonian limestone (87Sr/86Sr = 0.7083) and lesser amounts from feldspar (87Sr/86Sr = 0.7141) and clay (87Sr/86Sr = 0.7345).
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    Lipids of Senescent Leaf Tissue Induced by Inhibition of Synthesis and Acceleration of Breakdown
    (1983-03) Hancock, J. F.; Antonio, Thomas M.; Dalgarn, D. S.; Newman, D. W.
    Tissues were made senescent by inhibiting synthetic reactions with abscisic acid and by accelerating protein catabolism with L-serine in combination with kinetin. Squash {Cucurbita maxima) leaf discs were floated on the above-mentioned solutions, harvested, and the lipids extracted therefrom. Fatty acids of the acyl lipids were determined by gas chromatography, galactolipid concentrations were determined by sugar analyses, and phospholipid concentrations were determined by phosphorus analyses. All of the lipids were separated by thin-layer chromatography prior to analysis. Those tissues floated on abscisic acid or L-serine with kinetin contained less chlorophyll, less total fatty acids — especially linolenic acid, less glycolipid material, and less phospholipid material. Abscisic acid caused a decline in all of the cellular lipids as indicated by acyl group analysis and by analysis of the parental lipids. Possible effects of these compounds on chloroplast thylakoid stacking are discussed.
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    A Survey of Bats in Wayne National Forest, Ohio
    (1983-03) Lacki, Michael J.; Bookhout, Theodore A.
    Distribution, abundance, habitat selection, and activity of bats in Wayne National Forest, Ohio, were studied during the winters and summers of 1979 and 1980. Methods included winter surveys of abandoned mines and mist netting of riparian sites in summer. Four species of bats were found hibernating in 23 of 65 coal mine shafts examined, and big brown bats, Epteskus fuscus, were most abundant. Mines with long tunnel systems had significantly higher temperatures than those with shorter systems, but humidity did not differ between mine types. Big brown bats chose the cooler mines and in general showed the greatest tolerance of climatic extremes. Eight species of bats totaling 261 individuals were captured by mist netting at 163 riparian locations in 5 watersheds. Little brown bats, Myotis lucifugus, comprised 56% of all bats captured. Big brown bats (14%), eastern pipistrels, Pipistrellus subflavus (13%), and red bats, Lasiurus borealis (13%), were the next most abundant species in mist net samples. No Indiana bats, Myotis sodalis, were captured. Big brown bats preferred to forage in forested habitats. Activity for most species was highest soon after sunset, but activity in big brown bats peaked 0.5 hr later than in the other species.
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    Quaternary Stratigraphy of Richfield Township, Summit County Ohio
    (1983-03) Szabo, John P.; Angle, Michael P.
    Borings and measured sections were used to trace 3 Wisconsinan tills in Richfield Township of Summit County in northeastern Ohio. Various fluvial and glaciofluvial deposits were found underlying, overlying, and between the tills. The tills were differentiated upon the basis of stratigraphy, texture, and mineralogy. Generally, the tills grade from coarse-grained with high quartz/feldspar and alkali feldspar/plagioclase values as their age decreases. The Early Wisconsinan Mogadore Till is identified by its sandy nature and dolomitic carbonate content and may have been deposited by either the Grand River lobe or the Killbuck lobe. An unnamed till of indeterminable age has nearly equal amounts of calcite and dolomite. Not enough evidence has been acquired to determine if this till represents a readvance of Mogadore ice or a facies of the Kent (Navarre) Till. The Late Wisconsinan Lavery Till is characterized by black shale fragments. Both may have been deposited by the Cuyahoga lobe.
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    Herring Gulls Nesting in Artificial Goose-Nesting Structures
    (1983-03) Hoffman, Robert D.
    Herring gull (Larus argentatus) nesting in artificial goose-nesting structures was documented at the Winous Point Shooting Club, Port Clinton, Ohio, 1974-78. Gulls and Canada geese (Branta canadensis) nested in 14—28% and 12—23% of the structures, respectively. Gulls nesting in the structures did not influence goose nesting. Clutch sizes and egg-laying dates were synchronous with other local populations of herring gulls and Canada geese. Aggressive interactions between geese and gulls resulted in geese dominating the structures.
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    Comparison of Food Resource Removal by Animals in Forest, Old-Field, and Ecotone Habitats
    (1983-03) Polgar, Leslie W.; Barrett, Gary W.
    This study was conducted at the Miami University Ecology Research Center from mid-July through late September, 1980. A 1-ha plot of forest, an adjacent 1-ha second-year old-field, an ecotone interface, and a nearby wooded fence-row ecotone served as the study site. Ten fleshy fruits of each species, red mulberry (Morus rubra), blackberry (Rubus frondosus), and wild black cherry (Prunus serotina) were situated on 0.5-m-high log feeding sites (3/habitat). Each trial lasted for 5 days and was replicated. Sites were observed each morning and the number of remaining fruits recorded. Visual observation for avian consumers and live-trapping for small mammal consumers were conducted to estimate their role in resource removal. Morus trials showed no significant differences (p > 0.05) in fruit removal rates from each site; Rubus removal from the woods ecotone was significantly less (p ^ 0.05) than from the fence-row ecotone or the forest on day 1; Prunus removal from the old-field was significantly less (p ^ 0.05) than from the fence-row ecotone or the forest on day 1. Small mammals (Peromyscus spp.) appeared to play a major role in fruit removal. Removal rate differences appeared to be a function of habitat structure.
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    Normal Neuronal Clustering in the neck Region of the Human Gallbladder Wall and Corresponding Neuronal Denudement in Chagas Disease
    (1983-03) Conte, Vinicio P.; Pinotti, Henrique W.; Bettarello, Agostinho
    Fifteen human gallbladders, 5 from normal patients (group I), 5 from Chagasic patients with cholelithiasis (group II) and 5 from Chagasic patients without cholelithiasis (group III) were studied. Perikarial counting was carried out in 3 portions of the gallbladder (neck, body and fundus), each histological sections being completely scanned and the number of nerve cells given per square millimeter. In the control group, a higher number of nerve cells is present in the neck (mean 23-45 ± 10.14) than in the body (mean 7.70 ± 8.45) and fundus (mean 5.60 ± 3.66). In the Chagasic groups with or without cholelithiasis, no nerve cells were found; few or no inflammatory cells, myositis, neuritis and perineuritis were observed in the layers of the organ. Normal gallbladders have pronounced concentration of nerve cells in the neck, compared with that of the body and fundus. Chagasic gallbladders, whether or not they are lithiasic, are completely denervated. This denervation apparently does not impair gallbladder motor function.
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    Prairies Lost to Forests: A 33-Year History of Two Sites in Adams County, Ohio
    (1983-03) Annala, Anne E.; Dubois, John D.; Kapustka, Lawrence A.
    Aerial photographs taken in 1938, 1950, 1965, and 1971 were examined to determine the extent of conversion from prairie to forest for the Lynx Prairie Preserve and a nearby, privately owned property. Both locations, in Adams County, Ohio, supported extensive prairie areas in 1938. Encroachment of juniper and deciduous species into the prairie led to rapid closure of these openings. Lynx Prairie declined from 47% prairie in 1938 to 16% prairie in 1971. The patterns of invasion were similar on both sites.
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    Population Growth of the Pitcher Plant, Sarracenia Purprea L., at Cranberry Bog, Licking County, Ohio
    (1983-03) Schwaegerle, Kent E.
    A population of the pitcher plant, Sarracenia purpurea L., at Cranberry Bog Nature Preserve, Licking County, Ohio, was founded by a single individual transplanted to the bog in 1912. From an observation of the population in 1921, the intrinsic rate of increase for this population was estimated to be between .0016 and .0023 per day. A recent survey of the present size of the population revealed approximately 157,000 pitcher plants. These observations suggest that the population has not only reached the carrying capacity of Cranberry Bog, but that it did so as early as 1942. Comparisons between the intrinsic rate of increase for S. purpurea and the few other plant species that have been studied suggest that pitcher plants have a relatively slow rate of population increase for an herbaceous species.
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    Analysis of Growth of the Red-Tailed Hawk
    (1983-03) Springer, Mark Andrew; Osborne, David R.
    Analysis of anatomical measurements of 14 red-tailed hawks, Buteo jamaicensis, was characterized by positive allometry in the increase in body weight. Intraspecific variation up to 22% was observed in the cumulative increase in body weight. Females were statistically larger than males in body weight and length of seventh primary, but not in length of tarsus, third toe, and culmen. No yearly statistical differences were found in the growth rates. Weekly growth gains show the culmen, toes and tarsus develop during the first 2 weeks while growth gains in body weight and primaries are fastest during weeks 3 and 4, respectively. Body weight was a good indicator of age up to the 24th day and length of the seventh primary was the best indicator of age after 24 days.
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    Organic-walled Microphytoplankton Abundance and Strategraphic Distribution from the Middle Devonian Columbus and Delaware Limestones of the Hamilton Quarry, Marion County, Ohio
    (1983-03) Wicander, Reed; Wright, Robert P.
    Forty-three species representing 25 genera of organic-walled microphytoplankton were recovered from a 28.04—m thick section of the Middle Devonian Columbus and Delaware Limestones of central Ohio, USA. This assemblage compares closely with other Middle Devonian microphytoplankton assemblages from North America, indicating their potential use as biostratigraphic guides. Their stratigraphic distribution is probably related in part, to the Columbus-Delaware carbonate lithofacies. The organic-walled microfossils are neither abundant nor well-preserved in the porous dolomite near the bottom of the Columbus Limestone. This poor preservation is probably a consequence of dolomitization, while their paucity may reflect an original shallowwater environment of restricted circulation. Such an environment may not have been conducive to plankton growth. The microphytoplankton assemblage increases in numerical abundance and diversity in the overlying non-dolomitized carbonates, particularly the finer-grained limestones.
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    Front Matter
    (1983-03)