Ohio Journal of Science: Volume 107, Issue 2 (April, 2007)

Permanent URI for this collection

Front Matter
pp. 0
Article description | Article Full Text PDF (358.75KB)

The Culture of Economic Development in Ohio: A Case Study in Defiance County
Johnson-Webb, Karen D.; Zeller, Mark C. pp. 2-9
Article description | Article Full Text PDF (80.4KB)

The Effectiveness of a Local Public Health Program to Influence Fitness and Nutrition Goals in Children
Brannen, Donald E.; Rickels, Joyce; Hill, Ruth; McDonnell, Mark pp. 10-15
Article description | Article Full Text PDF (104.09KB)

Efficacy of a Multiple-Capture Live Trap for Small Mammals
Belant, Jerrold L.; Windels, Steve K. pp. 16-18
Article description | Article Full Text PDF (217.06KB)

The Effects of Polychlorinated Biphenyl on Circulating Leptin and Thyroid Hormone Status in Sprague-Dawley Rats, Rattus norvegicus
Provost, Terri; Kennedy, Monica; Castracane, V. Daniel; Meserve, Lee A. pp. 19-22
Article description | Article Full Text PDF (108.33KB)

Back Matter
pp. 999
Article description | Article Full Text PDF (108.33KB)

Browse

Recent Submissions

Now showing 1 - 6 of 6
  • Item
    Front Matter
    (2007-04)
  • Item
    The Culture of Economic Development in Ohio: A Case Study in Defiance County
    (2007-04) Johnson-Webb, Karen D.; Zeller, Mark C.
    Economic developers in Northwest Ohio have faced enormous challenges since the economic restructuring of the 1970s. Local factors also impact on local economic development efforts. This is a case study of rural economic development in a postindustrial economy in terms of the culture of economic development. A qualitative approach was utilized and data were gathered from interviews with five key economic decision-makers in Defiance County, OH, to gather a better understanding of the cultural influences on economic development there. The results revealed that the culture of economic development in this rural county could be described in four major themes: the widely embraced economic strategy of improvement of the business climate, a lack of "state vision" in economic development, perception of the need for collaboration between state government and private enterprise, and the process of globalization as a force that had dramatically affected the social and economic fabric of their community. These results imply that there is a great need for state facilitation of interpersonal networks across government agencies and private enterprises. However, in light of the state government's perceived unwillingness or inability to collaborate, continuing to embrace the current economic development framework may be detrimental to progress in local economic development.
  • Item
    The Effectiveness of a Local Public Health Program to Influence Fitness and Nutrition Goals in Children
    (2007-04) Brannen, Donald E.; Rickels, Joyce; Hill, Ruth; McDonnell, Mark
    A local public health department conducted a program to improve childhood fitness and nutrition known as "A Healthier Me" (AHM). AHM is a one-hour multidisciplinary outreach program conducted for children ages 5 to 12 (n = 129). The program included a survey of 'risk behaviors' and 'fitness and nutrition goals.' AHM was effective at improving nutrition goals (7 versus 5 days per week, p <0.05) in children not exposed to excessive television watching. Children who ate fast food were 5 times more likely to excessively watch TV (95% CI 3.5, 7.5) and 3.9 times more likely to not eat 5 servings of fruits or vegetables per day (95% CI 2.9, 5.3). Children who did not eat 5 or more servings of fruits or vegetables per day were 3.2 times more likely to watch TV excessively (95% CI 1.9, 5.6). The odds of obesity was 101.5 times greater for children who do not eat 5 or more servings of fruits and vegetables per day (95% CI 2.06 to 4993.7). In children who attended AHM twice (n = 20), exercise sessions increased from 4.9 to 6.9 per week, (p = not significant); watching TV hours decreased from 4.4 to 3.2 hours per day (p <0.01), and eating fruits and vegetables increased from 5.2 to 5.6 days of the week (p = 0.06). AHM improves fitness and nutrition goals. Improving uptake of fruits and vegetables per day is extremely important in reducing obesity in children ages 5 to 12.
  • Item
    Efficacy of a Multiple-Capture Live Trap for Small Mammals
    (2007-04) Belant, Jerrold L.; Windels, Steve K.
    We compared the efficacy of Victor® Tin Cat® and Sherman live traps for capturing small mammals in northern hardwood and red pine (Pinus resinosa) stands in the north-central Upper Peninsula of Michigan during 2001. Overall mean capture rates (total captures/100 adjusted trap nights) by habitat were greater (P <0.030) for Sherman traps than for Tin Cat traps. Capture rates remained lower for Tin Cat traps in northern hardwood (P = 0.004) but not red pine (P = 0.936) habitat after adjusting for species (sciurids) unable to enter them. Greater species diversity values were obtained using Sherman traps in both habitats. We conclude that in sampling arrays tested, Victor Tin Cat traps were less effective than Sherman traps for estimating small mammal abundance and diversity.
  • Item
    The Effects of Polychlorinated Biphenyl on Circulating Leptin and Thyroid Hormone Status in Sprague-Dawley Rats, Rattus norvegicus
    (2007-04) Provost, Terri; Kennedy, Monica; Castracane, V. Daniel; Meserve, Lee A.
    Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) are persistent environmental chemicals that are known thyroid hormone disrupters. Frequently the disruption of one endocrine axis and the timing of the disruption have an impact on other interdependent hormonal responses. Although the mechanisms for the interdependency of thyroid hormones and leptin have not been fully characterized, both are linked to development and regulation of metabolism. Furthermore, PCB accumulation in depot fat could potentially alter leptin production. In the present study 15-and 30-day-old Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed gestationally and lactationally to 1.25 ppm of Aroclor 1254®, a mixture of 52 PCB congeners, via maternal diet, to determine the effect on leptin and thyroid hormones. Additionally, young adult female rats were fed 1.25 PCB for 21 days and the same hormones were assessed. Serum leptin concentrations were determined by a sensitive murine leptin ELISA (DSL, Inc., Webster, TX). Serum thyroid hormone levels were determined by RIA kits (MP Biomedicals, Carson, CA). Leptin concentrations were significantly depressed in 15-day-old animals exposed to PCB when compared to same-aged control animals, while thyroid hormones were similar in control and experimental animals. Thirty-day-old PCB treated rats displayed significantly elevated leptin levels and depressed triiodothyronine concentrations. Young adult rats exposed to PCB for 21 days displayed significantly depressed leptin concentrations, however PCB had no effect on thyroid hormones in this group. In summary, exposure to dietary PCB, at relatively low concentrations, is leading to measurable alterations in serum leptin levels. We speculate that the accumulation of fat-soluble PCB in adipocytes may be sufficient to cause these alterations. Further investigation into the mechanism causing leptin alteration and long-term effects of such alterations is warranted.
  • Item
    Back Matter
    (2007-04)