Ohio Journal of Science: Volume 98, Issue 2 (March, 1998)

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https://kb.osu.edu/handle/1811/22147

Front Matter
pp. 0
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Fecundity Estimates for Rainbow Darters, Etheostoma caeruleum, in Southwestern Michigan
Fuller, Rebecca C. pp. 2-5
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The Fringed Darter, Etheostoma crossopterum, in the Cache River Basin of Southern Illinois (Percidae: Subgenus Catonotus)
Poly, William J.; Wilson, Allan K. pp. 6-9
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New Records of Alien Species in the Ohio Vascular Flora
Vincent, Michael A.; Cusick, Allison W. pp. 10-17
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Effects of Dietary Lead and Cholesterol Supplementation on Hemolysis in the Sprague-Dawley Rat
Rorabaugh, Boyd; Meserve, Lee A.; Moore, Paul A. pp. 18-22
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The Occurrence and Origin of Sand Bodies in Till, with Special Reference to the Franklin County, Ohio, Landfill Site
Norris, Stanley E. pp. 23-27
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Brief Note: Helminths of the Frogs, Rana catesbeiana, Rana clamitans, and Rana palustris, from Coshocton County, Ohio
Bursey, Charles R.; DeWolf, William F., II pp. 28-29
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Book Reviews
Speyer, Edward pp. 30-31
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Back Matter
pp. 999
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Back Matter
(1998-03)
Book Reviews
(1998-03) Speyer, Edward
Brief Note: Helminths of the Frogs, Rana catesbeiana, Rana clamitans, and Rana palustris, from Coshocton County, Ohio
(1998-03) Bursey, Charles R.; DeWolf, William F., II
Forty-three Rana catesbeiana, 120 Rana clamitans, and 5 Ranapalustris from the Wills Creek drainage system in Coshocton County, OH, were examined for helminths. The sample of/?, catesbeiana included 24 tadpoles, 3 metamorphosing individuals and 16 adults; the sample of/?, clamitans included 18 tadpoles, 40 metamorphosing individuals and 62 adults; the sample of/?, palustris included 5 adults. Tadpoles were infected with one species of nematode, Gyrinicola batrachiensis. Prevalence (% of animals infected) of G. batrachiensis in /?. catesbeiana and /?. clamitans tadpoles was 4% and 11%, respectively. Metamorphosing individuals contained no helminths. Adult frogs were infected with 1 species of trematode, Haematoloechus longiplexus, 1 species of cestode, Ophiotaenia gracilis, and 3 species of nematodes, Cosmocercoides variabilis, Rhabdias ranae, and Physaloptera sp. Prevalence of helminths in adult frogs included//, longiplexus in 6% of the/?, catesbeiana and 5% of the/?, clamitans', O. gracilis in 8% of the/?, clamitans; C. variabilis in 6% of the/?, catesbeiana, 18% of the/?, clamitans, and 20 % of the R. palustris; R. ranae in 13% of the/?, clamitans; and Physaloptera sp. in 2% of the/?, clamitans.
The Occurrence and Origin of Sand Bodies in Till, with Special Reference to the Franklin County, Ohio, Landfill Site
(1998-03) Norris, Stanley E.
Many landfill siting reports, of which those of the Franklin County, OH, landfill are typical, imply continuity of minor sand bodies in till between widely-spaced test holes where sand deposits fall within similar depth ranges. This review of studies of the local origin of most sand and gravel lenses or seams, and their transport in active glaciers, however, indicate that most such deposits probably have limited lateral continuity. Their role in the groundwater circulatory system is commonly exaggerated in landfill reports.
Effects of Dietary Lead and Cholesterol Supplementation on Hemolysis in the Sprague-Dawley Rat
(1998-03) Rorabaugh, Boyd; Meserve, Lee A.; Moore, Paul A.
Hemolytic anemia has been observed in a number of organisms exposed to lead. Previous investigators have proposed that heavy metals inhibit cholesterol synthesis, which leaves insufficient cholesterol for the maintenance of cell membranes. This causes hemolysis and the release of hemoglobin and membrane associated proteins into the serum. Lead-exposed fish have displayed depressed serum cholesterol and elevated serum protein concentrations. The goals of the present investigation were to determine whether these hematological changes occur in mammals exposed to dietary lead and to test the hypothesis that lead induces a cholesterol deficiency responsible for this hemolytic effect. Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into four groups: an untreated control (group I), a group fed a 4% cholesterol supplemented diet (group II), a group exposed to lead nitrate via the drinking water (250 mg lead/liter) (group III), and a group given both lead nitrate and cholesterol (group IV). Blood samples were collected weekly for five weeks. Mean hematocrit, mean serum hemoglobin, and mean serum cholesterol concentrations were not significantly different (p >0.05) in lead exposed animals. These results indicate that dietary lead exposure does not induce a cholesterol deficiency and subsequent hemolysis in the Sprague-Dawley rat.
New Records of Alien Species in the Ohio Vascular Flora
(1998-03) Vincent, Michael A.; Cusick, Allison W.
Examination of specimens of vascular plants from various herbaria, as well as field collections, have revealed 70 taxa not previously reported for Ohio, or previously reported without documentation. This paper documents these new taxa, 44% of which are escapes of woody landscape plants. The specimens cited represent 55 genera in 30 families. Of these, the following genera are first reports for the state: Achyranthes, Albizia, Carthamus, Cercidiphyllum, Cotoneaster, Dactyloctenium, Fontanesia, Gaillardia, Guizotia, Gypsophila, Stenosiphon, Tripsacum, and Zinnia. Cercidiphyllaceae is the only family reported as new for the state. Some taxa cited in this paper represent first reports as escapes for North America. These are Cotoneaster divaricatus (Rosaceae), Fontanesia fortunei (Oleaceae), Magnolia X soulangeana (Magnoliaceae), Magnolia stellata (Magnoliaceae), Viburnum buddleifolium (Caprifoliaceae), and Viburnum x rhytidiphylloides (Caprifoliaceae).
The Fringed Darter, Etheostoma crossopterum, in the Cache River Basin of Southern Illinois (Percidae: Subgenus Catonotus)
(1998-03) Poly, William J.; Wilson, Allan K.
Etheostoma crossopterum is known for the first time in Illinois, occurring in streams of the Cache River basin of southern Illinois. The Cache River basin population was considered Etheostoma squamiceps in all past accounts, but recent collections of breeding males (with diagnostic dorsal fin characters developed) permitted reidentification of this darter population as E. crossopterum. Nineteen sites were investigated (one in each of 19 streams) to determine if only E. crossopterum or both E. crossopterum and E. squamiceps occurred in the Cache River basin. Museum specimens were examined as well and, although no breeding males were present among the museum material examined, we concluded that all records of E. squamiceps in the Cache River basin refer to E. crossopterum based on 1997 collections of breeding males. In 1997, breeding occurred from at least 24 April to 21 May.
Fecundity Estimates for Rainbow Darters, Etheostoma caeruleum, in Southwestern Michigan
(1998-03) Fuller, Rebecca C.
Annual fecundity was estimated for female Etheostoma caeruleum by counting the number of eggs spawned in aquaria over the breeding season. Previous estimates of annual fecundity for E. caeruleum have been based on dissected museum samples where the number of either matures eggs or both mature and immature eggs were counted. In this study, annual fecundity was estimated as 309 eggs (range 180-607 eggs). This value is greater than previous estimates based on counts of only mature eggs but is less than estimates based on counts of both immature and mature eggs. Female E. caeruleum most likely spawn multiple clutches but do not ripen and spawn all of their immature eggs. Given that females release an average of eight eggs per spawning, females probably spawn approximately 39 times over the breeding season. This study also considered relationships between standard length, growth, and mean egg mass. Female standard length was inversely correlated with growth and positively correlated with mean egg mass. This suggests that large females may invest more in offspring size and offspring survival relative to their own growth than do small females.
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(1998-03)

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