International Journal of Rural Criminology: Volume 2, Issue 2 (June 2014)

Permanent URI for this collection

https://kb.osu.edu/handle/1811/61524

Issue DOI: http://doi.org/10.18061/1811/61524

Editor's Introduction - Guidelines for Submissions to the International Journal of Rural Criminology
Donnermeyer, Joseph F.
pp. 148-150
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Civic Community Theory and Rates of Violence: A Review of Literature on an Emergent Theoretical Perspective
Doucet, Jessica M.; Lee, Matthew R.
pp. 151-165
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Community-Mindedness: Protection against Crime in the Context of Illicit Drug Cultures?
Stallwitz, Anke
pp. 166-208
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Crime Prevention on Farms: The Opinion of Farmers
Bunei, Emmanuel K.; Rono, Joseph K.; Chessa, Samuel R.
pp. 209-224
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Labor Trafficking Victimization among Farmworkers in North Carolina: Role of Demographic Characteristics and Acculturation
Barrick, Kelle; Lattimore, Pamela K.; Pitts, Wayne J.; Zhang, Sheldon X.
pp. 225-243
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Social Isolation and Weapon Use in Intimate Partner Violence Incidents in Rural Areas
Maume, Michael O.; Lanier, Christina L.; Hossfeld, Leslie H.; Wehmann, Kyle
pp. 244-267
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Now showing 1 - 6 of 6

Editor's Introduction - Guidelines for Submissions to the International Journal of Rural Criminology
(Ohio State University. Libraries, 2014-06) Donnermeyer, Joseph F.
Civic Community Theory and Rates of Violence: A Review of Literature on an Emergent Theoretical Perspective
(Ohio State University. Libraries, 2014-06) Doucet, Jessica M.; Lee, Matthew R.
Civic community theory has emerged in the last 10 years as a middle range theory to explain community variation in rates of crime. It has proven to be particularly powerful for explaining variations in violent crime across rural communities in the U.S. This essay provides a review of the available published literature testing components of the theory. The three main conceptual dimensions of the civic community thesis are outlined, and the nature of the empirical evidence is evaluated. The essay concludes with several suggestions for future research.
Community-Mindedness: Protection against Crime in the Context of Illicit Drug Cultures?
(Ohio State University. Libraries, 2014-06) Stallwitz, Anke
The heroin scene on the Shetland Islands (GB) has been investigated with the objective to obtain an encompassing and profound insight into the relationship of location- and time-specific factors impacting on the nature and characteristics of illicit drug use and its surrounding social structures. Twenty-four local heroin users with differing using styles have been interviewed in-depth. According to the Shetland heroin users, the island heroin scene had existed for approximately two decades since the late 1970s in a socially integrated and unobtrusive way. As a result of a combination of diverse micro- and macro-social influences, the subculture began to change its character significantly around the turn of the millennium: Numbers of users as well as destructive and addicted patterns of use “exploded”, criminal tendencies started to become apparent, and the scene became increasingly noticeable to the general public. Interview analysis revealed a close relationship between the subculture’s prevailing value system at a certain point in time, especially the strength of community-mindedness (communal spirit comprising both social care and social control), and the respective degree of subcultural crime and deprivation. The capacities of community-mindedness to prevent harm at both the subcultural and the community levels are examined, and conditions that either further or hinder the communal spirit are illuminated. The utility and applicability of the concept of community-mindedness with respect to research, policy, and practice is demonstrated.
Crime Prevention on Farms: The Opinion of Farmers
(Ohio State University. Libraries, 2014-06) Bunei, Emmanuel K.; Rono, Joseph K.; Chessa, Samuel R.
Crime rates in rural Kenya continue to increase, with a majority of farms experiencing more and more crime. These experiences have prompted rural farmers to opt for tactics that have the potential to minimize their own risk to victimisation, but which do not address the economic and social structural causes of crime in Kenya. This article reports on the findings of a study conducted on the adoption of farm crime prevention measures and their relationship to past victimisation experiences. Data for this study came from a survey of 200 farmers who were randomly selected in Uasin Gishu County of Kenya. The study was guided by routine activities theory, dividing crime prevention actions possibly adopted by farmers into two types: guardianship and target-hardening. The general finding is that the guardianship actions were utilized more often to reduce risk of victimisation than target-hardening measures.
Labor Trafficking Victimization among Farmworkers in North Carolina: Role of Demographic Characteristics and Acculturation
(Ohio State University. Libraries, 2014-06) Barrick, Kelle; Lattimore, Pamela K.; Pitts, Wayne J.; Zhang, Sheldon X.
Human trafficking is a hidden domestic and international problem of unknown numbers and unsubstantiated estimates. Most research on labor trafficking has focused on known cases through conducting stakeholder interviews and reviewing police and court case files. This limited prior research suggests that demographic characteristics and level of acculturation may impact one’s risk for labor trafficking victimization. However, these relationships have not been consistently demonstrated. The current research explores two primary research questions: (1) how prevalent is labor trafficking and other labor exploitation among farmworkers in North Carolina; and (2) do individual-level characteristics or circumstances place a person at greater risk of labor trafficking or other labor exploitation. This was accomplished by conducting 380 inperson interviews with migrant farmworkers in North Carolina. We used three strategies to identify migrant farmworkers: (1) attendance at community events; (2) lists of labor camps known to advocacy organizations; and (3) other public venues farmworkers visit. Based on descriptive statistics and a logistic regression analysis, we present results on the extent of farmworker abuse and exploitation, and discuss future research in this area.
Social Isolation and Weapon Use in Intimate Partner Violence Incidents in Rural Areas
(Ohio State University. Libraries, 2014-06) Maume, Michael O.; Lanier, Christina L.; Hossfeld, Leslie H.; Wehmann, Kyle
This study relies on the concept of social isolation to analyze variation in weapon use in intimate partner violence (IPV) cases in rural North Carolina. Social isolation and IPV weapon use are operationalized through census and IPV incident data collected in three rural counties in southeastern North Carolina. The authors relied on reports of IPV from law enforcement agencies within these counties, which were geocoded by address and located within census tracts to assess IPV weapon use and its correlates across sub-county areas. The current study expands on studies of weapon use and social isolation by criminologists and public health researchers by assessing the nature of IPV incidents, accounting for possible incident-level and contextual correlates. Statistical analyses indicate that sex of the attacker (female) and age are the only significant predictors of weapon use. We discuss the implications of these findings for further research on weapon use and IPV in rural areas.

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