Ohio Journal of Science: Volume 99, Issue 3 (June, 1999)

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https://kb.osu.edu/handle/1811/22152

Front Matter
pp. 0
Article description | Article Full Text PDF (790KB)

Surveillance for Toxoplasma gondii in the white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) in Ohio
Crist, S. C.; Stewart, R. L., Jr.; Rinehart, J. P.; Needham, G. R. pp. 34-37
Article description | Article Full Text PDF (392KB)

Survey of Approval Practices for Onsite Sewage Treatment Systems in Ohio
Mancl, Karen M. pp. 38-43
Article description | Article Full Text PDF (1745KB)

Spatial and Temporal Changes in Bacterial Assemblages of the Cuyahoga River
Leff, Laura G.; Brown, Beverly J.; Lemke, Michael J. pp. 44-48
Article description | Article Full Text PDF (1092KB)

New Occurrences and a New Species of Pennsylvanian Polyplacophorans (Mollusca) in Ohio
Hoare, Richard D. pp. 49-52
Article description | Article Full Text PDF (808KB)

A Survey of Phytoplankton Taxa from Three Types of Wetlands in Ohio
Casamatta, Dale A.; Beaver, John R.; Fleischman, Dana J. pp. 53-56
Article description | Article Full Text PDF (381KB)

Environmental Literacy of Ohio Adults
Mancl, Karen M.; Carr, Kathleen; Morrone, Michele pp. 57-61
Article description | Article Full Text PDF (486KB)

Book Review: Yes, We Have No Neutrons: An Eye-Opening Tour through the Twists and Turns of Bad Science
Dewdney, A. K. pp. 62-62
Article description | Article Full Text PDF (109KB)

Reviewers of Manuscripts for The Ohio Journal of Science During 1998
pp. 63-63
Article description | Article Full Text PDF (78KB)

Back Matter
pp. 999
Article description | Article Full Text PDF (351KB)

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    Back Matter
    (1999-06)
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    Environmental Literacy of Ohio Adults
    (1999-06) Mancl, Karen M.; Carr, Kathleen; Morrone, Michele
    Environmental literacy is defined as an understanding of natural systems combined with how they interact with human social systems. Past surveys have measured the pollution knowledge of adults. This study instead examined Ohio adult's knowledge of ecological principles as the basis of understanding. A telephone survey of 504 Ohio adults measured their knowledge of ecological principles. As a group, Ohio adults appear to understand four principles of ecology: biogeography, the earth as a biosphere, ecological energetics, and carrying capacity. Some additional attention should be paid to teaching Ohio adults about three principles of ecology: ecosystem succession, biotic interactions, and the importance of diversity. Most importantly, Ohio adults must learn more about the principle of materials cycling. Ohio adults showed poor understanding of the nitrogen, phosphorus, and hydrologic cycle and bioaccumulation.
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    A Survey of Phytoplankton Taxa from Three Types of Wetlands in Ohio
    (1999-06) Casamatta, Dale A.; Beaver, John R.; Fleischman, Dana J.
    In an effort to better understand the broad heterogeneity of different wetlands, we sampled the phytoplankton communities from three types of wetlands (constructed, non-impacted, and temporary) in Ohio. During the summer of 1995, one phytoplankton sample from each of 18 wetlands was collected in order to describe and compare the phytoplankton communities. No significant differences were evident in species richness, J's evenness, and Shannon-Wiener (HP) diversity indices among the three classes of wetlands. In addition, there were no significant differences in the total abundance of any algal division among the wetland types. Large variability in the total abundance of algal divisions within each wetland type was observed. Trend detection may have been masked by limitations of the one-time sampling regime. Nonetheless, this study provides a preliminary taxonomic listing of the phytoplanktonic algae from the three wetland types.
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    New Occurrences and a New Species of Pennsylvanian Polyplacophorans (Mollusca) in Ohio
    (1999-06) Hoare, Richard D.
    Occurrences of polyplacophorans new to Ohio include Camptochiton squarrosus Debrock, Hoare, and Mapes in the Desmoinesian Putnam Hill limestone andAcutichiton allynsmithi Hoare, Mapes, and Atwater in the shale associated with the Atokan Lower Mercer limestone. These occurrences extend the geographic ranges of these species to Ohio from Texas and Oklahoma respectively and extend the stratigraphic range of A. allynsmithi from the Morrowan to the Atokan. Arcochiton concisus n. sp. is described from the Atokan Boggs? limestone.
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    Spatial and Temporal Changes in Bacterial Assemblages of the Cuyahoga River
    (1999-06) Leff, Laura G.; Brown, Beverly J.; Lemke, Michael J.
    Bacterial assemblage- and population-level variables were assessed at five sites along the Cuyahoga River in Northeastern Ohio during three seasons. Assemblage-level parameters (total, culturable, and lactose-positive bacteria) increased in a downstream direction during spring when discharge was elevated. Population-level responses were examined using colony hybridization with species-specific probes for Burkholderia cepacia and Pseudomonas putida. Also a group-specific probe for the yproteobacteria was used to monitor the abundance of this widespread bacterial taxon. Abundances of culturable individuals of these taxa exhibited spatio-temporal differences; patterns typically were different from those observed for assemblage-level parameters. Seasonal changes in the abundances of these taxa were frequently large; for example, in winter and spring the y-proteobacteria represented 20 to 80% of the colony forming units (CFU) while in summer this group accounted for 5% or less of the CFU. Likewise, B. cepacia populations peaked in spring and became nearly undetectable in summer. Assemblage-level variations appeared to often mask population dynamics. These changes in bacterial populations imply that studies designed to monitor abundances for bioremediation or ecological purposes: 1) must account for seasonal blooms of bacteria of different species and 2) consider documentation of bacterial populations to detect more sensitive environmental responses.
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    Survey of Approval Practices for Onsite Sewage Treatment Systems in Ohio
    (1999-06) Mancl, Karen M.
    In 1997, a survey of all county and local health departments was conducted to learn more about the use of onsite wastewater treatment systems. The goal of this study was to assess approval practices for onsite wastewater treatment in Ohio. The survey results indicate limited use of modern site evaluation techniques to determine site suitability for onsite wastewater treatment systems. System selection is not closely tied to site characteristics. In over 70% of Ohio's counties the onsite sewage systems are designed by the person issuing the permit. The lack of land-use planning is cited as a major obstacle to protecting public health and local health departments are looking for state leadership to make the local regulators' job easier.
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    Surveillance for Toxoplasma gondii in the white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) in Ohio
    (1999-06) Crist, S. C.; Stewart, R. L., Jr.; Rinehart, J. P.; Needham, G. R.
    Serum samples from 147 white-tailed deer, Odocoileus virginianus, were collected at deer-check stations and Columbus area metropolitan park deer hunts during November and December of Ohio's 1996-97 and 97-98 hunting seasons. These samples were tested for Toxoplasma gondii antibodies using a modified direct agglutination assay. Forty-four percent (65/147) of the samples tested positive. Sixteen percent had a titer of 25, 16% had a titer of 50, 3% had a titer of 250 and 9% had a titer of >500. Percentage of positive deer varied greatly between geographical locations. Fifty-five percent of 45 serum samples collected from Hocking County were positive while only 6% of the 18 deer sampled from Franklin County tested positive. No significant differences in infection rates were observed between sexes. This is the first report of T. gondii antibodies from a game animal in Ohio. Pregnant women should thoroughly cook venison before it is consumed to avoid complications from this pathogen.
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    Front Matter
    (1999-06)