Ask: Research and Methods. Volume 26, Issue 1 (2017)
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Issue DOI: https://doi.org/10.18061/1811/81908
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Mixed Methods in Value Research: An Analysis of the Validity of the Russian Version of the Schwartz Value Survey (SVS) Using Cognitive Interviews, Multidimensional Scaling (MDS), and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA)
Maria Efremova; Tatiana Panyusheva; Peter Schmidt; Florian Zercher pp. 3–30
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A Meta-analysis of Within-Household Selection Impact on Survey Outcome Rates, Demographic Representation and Sample Quality in the European Social Survey
Piotr Jabkowski pp. 31–60
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On the Use of Microsimulation for Investigating Ideological Dissent: Exemplary Analyses of the Values of the European Political Left
Georg P. Mueller pp. 61–80
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Doing Fieldwork on Sensitive Topics: Navigating Memories of Intergroup Violence Committed by Ingroups in Contemporary Poland
Mateusz Magierowski pp. 81–98
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Item Front Matter (Volume 26, Issue 1, 2017)(The Ohio State University Libraries in partnership with the Institute of Philosophy and Sociology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 2017)Item Mixed Methods in Value Research: An Analysis of the Validity of the Russian Version of the Schwartz Value Survey (SVS) Using Cognitive Interviews, Multidimensional Scaling (MDS), and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA)(The Ohio State University Libraries in partnership with the Institute of Philosophy and Sociology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 2017) Efremova, Maria; Panyusheva, Tatiana; Schmidt, Peter; Zercher, FlorianThe aim of this study is the validation of the Russian version of the Schwartz Value Survey (SVS) using qualitative (cognitive interviewing) and quantitative (multidimensional scaling, confirmatory factor analysis) methods. Specifically, this paper explores the issue of whether respondents interpret the values measured in the survey in the way intended by Shalom Schwartz. The analysis revealed problems with participants' understanding of the wording, which are due both to subtle differences in translation and to the cultural context. In addition, multidimensional scaling and confirmatory factor analysis were used to investigate whether the problems found in the qualitative analysis could also be detected by these quantitative methods. The findings of the qualitative analysis allowed a better understanding of the findings of the quantitative analysis and vice versa. However, the results differed considerably. In conclusion, several recommendations are given for use of such a mixed method approach.Item A Meta-analysis of Within-Household Selection Impact on Survey Outcome Rates, Demographic Representation and Sample Quality in the European Social Survey(The Ohio State University Libraries in partnership with the Institute of Philosophy and Sociology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 2017) Jabkowski, PiotrFace-to-face surveys of the general population often start with a probability sample of the households or addresses. However, even if a probability sample of households or addresses has been drawn, random selection of the target respondent within the selected household is crucial for obtaining a probability sample of individuals comprising the population. Over a dozen procedures of within-household selection have been described in survey literature. This article is concerned only with the two most popular of these, i.e., with the Kish grid procedure and the class of birthday procedures (i.e., next-birthday, last-birthday and closest-birthday methods). The main goal of this paper is to address the question of whether the Kish grid and birthday methods differ in their impact on: (1) refusal and cooperation rates, and (2) demographic representation of the survey sample, as well as (3) the degree of interviewers' influence on the selection process. Based on 98 different surveys from all seven rounds of the European Social Survey, a meta-analysis was conducted to generate quantitative measures indicating the size of the overall impact of Kish grid and birthday procedures. Several conclusions can be formulated based on the analysis. Firstly, Kish grid samples (compared to birthday samples) result in significantly higher odds of receiving refusals and significantly lower odds of obtaining cooperation. Secondly, both Kish grid and birthday samples have a similar and significant impact on gender and age imbalance. Finally, birthday procedures give interviewers greater opportunity to influence the selection process. The latter means that the use of Kish grid samples is usually associated with a higher quality of the within-household selection, even though in such samples refusal rates are significantly higher and cooperation rates are significantly lower compared to those obtained in birthday samples.Item On the Use of Microsimulation for Investigating Ideological Dissent: Exemplary Analyses of the Values of the European Political Left(The Ohio State University Libraries in partnership with the Institute of Philosophy and Sociology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 2017) Mueller, Georg P.This article presents a new approach to the comparison of the meaning of social or political key terms in different national contexts. Instead of relying on classical statistical instruments such as t-tests of the mean attitudes, the author proposes to analyze value conflicts between the mentioned groups. In international surveys like the European Values Study (EVS) the related conflict data are not directly available but can be generated by microsimulation: for this purpose the article proposes to look at the value differences of randomly matched artificial pairs of respondents. The resulting dyadic data-records correspond to simulated virtual encounters of persons with the same or different opinions about a political issue. In this way it becomes possible to measure the amount and the thematic focus of the value conflicts between the protagonists of a key term in different countries: the absence of conflicts between these groups points to the same meaning of the key term, whereas dissent about its attributes is an indicator of semantic differences. The benchmark for assessing these international inter-group conflicts are the national intra-group conflicts, which are generally underestimated. Consequently, an application of the proposed method to an artificial dataset with systematically varying statistical properties suggests that the traditional t-tests of mean attitudes overestimate the international group differences. By considering the internal ideological variation of the compared groups we probably get a more realistic assessment of their international similarities and differences. Thus we dare to tackle with the proposed virtual encounter method a real world problem: the comparative analysis of the values of the political left in Sweden, France, and the UK on the basis of attitudes gathered in the European Values Study (2008). A major result is that income equality is revealed to be an important common value of the political left in the three countries mentioned. Finally, the article points to the possibility of comparing different intra-national groups with regard to their ideologies. By the virtual encounter method it is possible to focus the analysis on a particular country and compare e.g. its national parties or different generations of partisans.Item Doing Fieldwork on Sensitive Topics: Navigating Memories of Intergroup Violence Committed by Ingroups in Contemporary Poland(The Ohio State University Libraries in partnership with the Institute of Philosophy and Sociology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 2017) Magierowski, MateuszSensitive topics in qualitative fieldwork typically include health problems, sexual practices, addictions, illegal activity and death (Campbell 2002; Lee 1993; Liamputtong 2006). Yet, the situation of memories of intergroup violence committed by ingroup members on outgroups ‒ where a community is confronted with the fact that their fellow members have harmed members of other groups ‒ should also be considered as a sensitive topic. An especially sensitive situation occurs when research is conducted in a small community with relatively strong social control maintained through networks of relationships between its members. The aim of this paper is to explore the sensitivity of respondents in their remembering and forgetting of the harm done by members of their own group to the "Others" in local communities, to diagnose the difficulties in conducting fieldwork on this topic, and to present various methods of overcoming them. This article is based on experience from a project dedicated to the social memory of violence committed by Poles against members of other ethnic groups within local communities during World War II.Item Back Matter (Volume 26, Issue 1, 2017)(The Ohio State University Libraries in partnership with the Institute of Philosophy and Sociology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 2017)