Ohio Journal of Science: Volume 103, Issue 4 (September, 2003)

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https://kb.osu.edu/handle/1811/22171

Front Matter
pp. 0
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Brief Note What You Need to Know About SARS
File, Thomas; Boyer, Jere; Erme, Margo; Myers, Joseph pp. 70-72
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Vertical Migration, Orientation, Aggregation, and Fecundity of the Freshwater Mussel Lampsilis Siliquoidea
Perles, Stephanie J.; Christian, Alan D.; Berg, David J. pp. 73-78
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The Characteristics and Potential Ecological Effects of the Exotic Crustacean Zooplankter Cercopagis Pengoi (Cladocera: Ceropagidae), a Recent Invader of Lake Erie
Kane, Douglas D.; Haas, Erin M.; Culver, David A. pp. 79-83
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Possible Contamination of the Sandusky River by Wastewater Discharge by Bucyrus, Ohio
Fortner, Everett, III; Faure, Gunter pp. 84-88
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Variation in Communities of Seed-Dispersing Ants in Habitats with Different Disturbance in Knox County, Ohio
Heithaus, Raymond; Humes, Marcia pp. 89-97
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A Breeding Bird Survey of the Natural Areas at Holden Arboretum
Skinner, Carol pp. 98-110
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Canopy Gap Characteristics of an Oak-Beech-Maple Old-Growth Forest in Northeastern Ohio
Weiskittel, Aaron R.; Hix, David M. pp. 111-115
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Back Matter
pp. 999
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Back Matter
(2003-09)
Canopy Gap Characteristics of an Oak-Beech-Maple Old-Growth Forest in Northeastern Ohio
(2003-09) Weiskittel, Aaron R.; Hix, David M.
Forests are gap-driven systems as openings within the tree canopy directly influence species composition, structure, and regeneration. Most gap studies have occurred in small, mesic, old-growth remnants. This study sought to further the understanding of gap characteristics by examining gaps in one of Ohio's largest old-growth forests, which has wet-mesic site conditions and high species diversity. A modification of the methodology recommended by Runkle (1992) was used to obtain data on gap characteristics. An important portion (17.7%) of this old-growth forest was in gaps. Most of the gaps sampled were large (100-400 m2), and multiple-tree gaps were significantly larger than single-tree gaps. Tip-up and basal shear of a canopy tree were the primary means by which a gap was created (origin type). These findings differ from some other similar gap studies, and the contrasts may be due to the advanced age and particular species composition of this forest, the poor soil drainage conditions, and the large size and stressed condition of the overstory trees.
A Breeding Bird Survey of the Natural Areas at Holden Arboretum
(2003-09) Skinner, Carol
Eight routes and 79 stations were sampled on the natural areas at Holden Arboretum during the 2001 breeding season. Birds were identified by song and call and tallied. Eighty-one species were classified as possible, probable, or confirmed breeders. Included in the breeders tally were four state-endangered species and 13 additional species listed as special interest by US Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS), Ohio Department of Natural Resources (ODNR), and/or the National Audubon Society/Partners in Flight (NAS/PIF) because of significant population declines. Specific habitat types such as old growth forests and hemlock ravines were found to be important to several of these species, namely, Winter Wren, Magnolia Warbler, Cerulean Warbler, Canada Warbler, and Dark-eyed Junco. Further, large blocks of appropriate habitat were available for some species intolerant of fragmentation, such as Wood Thrush and Bobolink. Blackburnian Warbler was recorded as a probable breeder, a first for the Arboretum. For forest breeding birds, the natural areas of the Arboretum offer unparalleled reproductive habitat, particularly in northeast Ohio.
Variation in Communities of Seed-Dispersing Ants in Habitats with Different Disturbance in Knox County, Ohio
(2003-09) Heithaus, Raymond; Humes, Marcia
Disturbance may disrupt mutualisms between plants and seed dispersers in a variety of ways including changes in the community of dispersers present. We tested the hypothesis that habitat alteration disrupts the seed-dispersal mutualism between ants and spring-flowering, perennial herbs. Fourteen study sites in Knox County, OH, represented a range of disturbance including mature woodland, woods recovering from partial logging up to 30 years prior to the study, recently logged woods, early successional field, and corn field. Baits were distributed among 480 positions in 48 randomly located transects. Ground-foraging ants were collected and vegetation characteristics of the transects were recorded. In 315 encounters of ants with baits, locations with tuna and seeds of the myrmecochore, Sanguinaria canadensis, were visited at equal rates. Visitation rates to the baits were higher in the more disturbed sites. There was little evidence for depressed ant diversity in disturbed habitats, though ant community composition varied. Seed dispersal distances were likely to be depressed only in agroecosystems, due to the smaller average size of ants, but even this difference is moderated by the tendency for myrmecochores in disturbed sites to have small seeds relative to plants in forest habitats. Where sites have extensive tree canopies the ant communities and dispersal rates are likely to be very resistant to change. Thus, habitat alteration may only affect the ant-plant seed dispersal mutualism in highly and continually disturbed habitats.
Possible Contamination of the Sandusky River by Wastewater Discharge by Bucyrus, Ohio
(2003-09) Fortner, Everett, III; Faure, Gunter
The objective of this study was to determine changes in the chemical composition of water that result from its use by the town of Bucyrus in Crawford County, OH, and to document the effect of the discharge of wastewater on the quality of water in the Sandusky River. The results indicate that the wastewater is enriched in the major elements (Na, K, Mg, Ca, and Sr) compared to tap water in the town of Bucyrus. However, the treated wastewater does not significantly alter the chemical composition of water in the Sandusky River represented by a ten-year average from 1984 to 1994. The concentrations of Mo in raw water and in the wastewater are nearly identical, which means it cannot have an anthropogenic source. The wastewater does not contain P because this element is effectively removed as required by the Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement.
The Characteristics and Potential Ecological Effects of the Exotic Crustacean Zooplankter Cercopagis Pengoi (Cladocera: Ceropagidae), a Recent Invader of Lake Erie
(2003-09) Kane, Douglas D.; Haas, Erin M.; Culver, David A.
The invasive zooplankter Cercopagis pengoi was recorded for the first time in Lake Erie during August 2001 following previous colonization of Lakes Ontario and Michigan. Cercopagis pengoi (Cladocera: Cercopagidae) is from the Ponto-Caspian region of Eurasia, as is a previous cercopagid invader, Bythotrephes longimanus. Cercopagis tolerates a wide range of salinities and temperatures, has many life history traits characteristic of a successful invader, and has previously invaded the Baltic Sea Cercopagis may affect native zooplankton populations and fish populations through both predation and competition, although the extent of these interactions is not yet known. More research regarding basic life history traits and ecology of Cercopagis is needed to assess the role it will play in Lake Erie.
Vertical Migration, Orientation, Aggregation, and Fecundity of the Freshwater Mussel Lampsilis Siliquoidea
(2003-09) Perles, Stephanie J.; Christian, Alan D.; Berg, David J.
The decline in freshwater mussels makes it imperative that more information be gathered on their population status, behavior, and habitat requirements. We examined vertical migration, aggregation, and reproductive potential of captive and field populations of Lampsilis siliquoidea. Both captive populations and a field population exhibited vertical migration. This movement was strongly correlated with day length, and somewhat less strongly correlated with water temperature. While captive mussels tended to orient their siphons into the current, no pattern of orientation was detected in the field population. The field population was significantly aggregated in the fall and winter. The spatial patterning of captive mussels was random in the fall and winter, but this result may have been an artifact of the small size of the artificial streams. Weather conditions prevented data collection in the spring and, therefore, no conclusions could be drawn about the relationship between aggregation and glochidia release. The average number of glochidia (parasitic larvae) produced by individuals across a limited size range was not correlated with any maternal or marsupial properties. These results are useful for implementing qualitative sampling methods under optimum conditions and for information on the reproductive potential of Lampsilis siliquoidea.
Brief Note What You Need to Know About SARS
(2003-09) File, Thomas; Boyer, Jere; Erme, Margo; Myers, Joseph
Front Matter
(2003-09)

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