Reports of Investigations (Ohio Geological Survey)
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Reports of Investigations are original research of more limited scope than a bulletin, such as mineral-resource reports, geologic quadrangle maps (15- or 7.5-minute), or county geologic maps without extensive text.
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Item Silurian rock salt of Ohio(Ohio. Division of Geological Survey, 1973) Clifford, Michael J.The salt beds occurring within the Salina Group of the Upper Silurian Cayugan Series underlie the eastern third of Ohio at depths ranging from 1,350 feet in Lorain County to over 6,500 feet in Belmont County. The Salina can be subdivided and individual salt beds identified by means of modern geophysical well logs. The widespread layer-cake nature of the salt beds makes them readily mappable. The Salina has been subdivided previously into units A through G, in ascending order. Salt is present within the B, D, E, and F units. The F unit contains four salt beds, F1 through F4, in ascending order. Thickness of individual salt beds exceeds 50 feet in a few places only, although beds over 100 feet thick have been identified. Greatest aggregate salt thickness is about 250 feet . The F1 salt is mined at Fairport Harbor at a depth of about 1,920 feet (Morton Salt Company) and the F2 at Cleveland at a depth of about 1,760 feet (International Salt Company). These beds, in conjunction with the B, D, E, and possibly F3 beds, are mined by solution in four artificial brine fields in Ohio. The youngest salt, the F4, is not mined in Ohio, but three companies produce from it along the Ohio River in West Virginia. The origin of the Salina salt is uncertain; however, it seems most likely that the beds were deposited subaqueously on the floors of relatively deep basins. Unlike the situation in the Michigan Basin, salt deposition in Ohio seems to have been unrelated to Niagaran reefs. In the early 1800's, Ohio was a leading producer of salt from naturally occurring shallow brines, but the industry withered until the discovery of the Salina salt in 1889. Growth was rapid thereafter. Over six million tons of salt worth over fifty million dollars a year are produced from two mines and four brine fields in Ohio. Rock salt from the mines is used primarily for road deicing. Evaporated salt for the food industry is the main product of the Morton Salt Company (Rittman) and Diamond Crystal Salt Company (Akron) brine fields. Brine from the Diamond Shamrock Corporation field at Painesville and the PPG Industries, Inc., field at Barberton supplies the chlor-alkali industries. Salt reserves are in excess of two and a half trillion tons. Ohio, with its favorable location in respect to industry and transportation, will be a leading salt producer for the foreseeable future.Item The Meigs Creek no. 9 coal bed in Ohio(Ohio. Division of Geological Survey, 1952) Smith, William Henking, 1919-; Brant, Russell A.; Amos, Fred; Krumin, Peter O. (Peter Otto)The location of the Meigs Creek coal deposits is shown on Map L (See following page.) As calculated in this study this bed extends in mineable thickness over 1040 square miles, and contains 3,973,331,000 tons of coal reserves. These remaining reserves in the Meigs Creek bed are believed to be the largest in any of Ohio's easily available coal deposits, except perhaps in the Pittsburgh #8 seam, The coal lies near the ~face and is easily accessible by stripping. This has caused a 400% rise in the production of coal from the seam during the past 8 years. Quality wise, the cool in the #9 seam does not compare well with other Ohio coals, so that to date its chief utilization has been in the production of electrical power, In much of the field, the seam occurs as two beds, or benches, separated by as much as 30 inches of clay parting which adds to the difficulty in mining and cleaning. This has necessitated the compilation of reserve tonnage separately for each of the benches. Part II of the report discusses laboratory investigations of methods of improving the quality of the coal by mechanical cleaning. Part I contains a discussion of the geology of the seam and gives the reserves by thickness (14 -28" , 28"-42", 42"-54", etc.) and by reliability category (proven, probable, and inferred) for each township in which mineable Meigs Creek coal occurs,Item Coal resources of the lower part of the Allegheny formation in Ohio(Ohio. Division of Geological Survey, 1957) DeLong, Richard M.This study of the coal resources of the lower part of the Allegheny formation in Ohio considers all coal horizons from the base of the series to the underclay of the Lower Kittanning No. 5 coal bed, but is devoted mainly to the Brookville No. 4 and Clarion No. 4A coal beds. Other coal beds in the lower part of the Allegheny formation are the Ogan, Winters, Scrubgrass, and Lawrence. The Lawrence coal bed which underlies the underclay of the Lower Kittanning coal bed is thin and contributes no reserves anywhere in the state. In southern Ohio all of the other subject coal beds are represented and are of varying economic importance over an area that is generally centered around Vinton County. In northern Ohio the Brookville coal bed is the only one of the subject coal beds that contains reserves. The Brookville coal bed which is the basal unit of the Allegheny formation contains an estimated 446,215, 000 tons of original coal reserve. Of this reserve 338, 034, 000 tons are confined to the northern field which centers around southern Stark and northern Tuscarawas Counties; the balance occurs in Vinton County. It is a high-volatile B bituminous rank coal suitable for domestic and steam generating purposes. The stratigraphic position of the Clarion coal bed is approximately midway between the Brookville and Lower Kittanning coal beds. The original Clarion coal reserve is estimated at 715,637, 000 tons and is classified as a high volatile B bituminous rank coal. The Ogan and Winters coal beds occupy positions between the Brookville and Clarion coal beds; the Scrubgrass overlies the Clarion coal bed. The thicker portion of these beds is limited almost exclusively to Vinton County where they have been mined for local use. Throughout their extent these coal beds are variable in thickness and structure and do not constitute an important segment of Ohio's coal reserve.Item Coal beds of the Conemaugh formation in Ohio(Ohio. Division of Geological Survey, 1957) DeBrosse, Theodore A.The Conemaugh formation underlies approximately 8, 000 square miles of eastern Ohio. This formation contains at least 18 coal horizons, of which only 6 seams occur with any degree of persistency; even these 6 seams are extremely erratic and vary in thickness and quality within short distances. However, there are several localities where one or more of the Conemaugh coal beds make a considerable contribution to the fuel resources of the State. Available information indicates that the original recoverable coal reserves of the Conemaugh formation in Ohio is approximately 1,329,368, 000 tons. Coal beds 14 inches or more in thickness are considered as constituting recoverable reserves. The Mahoning, Wilgus, Anderson, and Harlem coal beds account for most of the reserves. The Mahoning coal bed in Columbiana and Jefferson Counties contains 284,304, 000 tons; the Harlem coal reserve is 34,560, 000 tons in Carroll County; the Anderson coal reserve is 837 , 504, 000 tons in Muskingum, Guernsey, Noble, and Morgan Counties; and the Wilgus coal field of Lawrence County has an original reserve of 173, 000, 000 tons.Item Hydraulic properties of a limestone-dolomite aquifer near Marion, north-central Ohio(Ohio. Division of Geological Survey, 1979) Norris, Stanley Eugene, 1916-Item Surficial materials of Summit County, Ohio(Ohio. Division of Geological Survey, 1979) Van Horn, Robert G.Item An evaluation of "Newberry" analysis data on the Brassfield Formation (Silurian), southwestern Ohio(Ohio. Division of Geological Survey, 1979) Stith, David A.; Stieglitz, Ronald D.Item Glacial geology of Ashland County, Ohio(Ohio. Division of Geological Survey, 1977) White, George Willard, 1903-Item The occurrence of sulfide and associated minerals in Ohio(Ohio. Division of Geological Survey, 1978) Botoman, George; Stieglitz, Ronald D.Item Land areas in Summit County, Ohio: geologic suitability for solid-waste disposal(Ohio. Division of Geological Survey, 1976) Van Horn, Robert G.Item Silurian rocks in the subsurface of northwestern Ohio(Ohio. Division of Geological Survey, 1977) Janssens, AdriaanItem Potential use of Ohio clays in the well-plugging industry(Ohio. Division of Geological Survey, 1975) Carlton, Richard W.Item The ground-water situation in the Circleville area, Pickaway County, south-central Ohio(Ohio. Division of Geological Survey, 1975) Norris, Stanley Eugene, 1916-Item Bedrock geology of the serpent mound cryptoexplosion structure, Adams, Highland, and Pike Counties, Ohio(Ohio. Division of Geological Survey, 1975) Reidel, Stephen P.Item 1950 investigation of Lake Erie sediments, vicinity of Sandusky, Ohio(Ohio. Division of Geological Survey, 1951) Pincus, Howard J.; Roseboom, Marjorie L.; Humphris, Curtis C.Item Bedrock geology of the Cincinnati east quadrangle, Hamilton County, Ohio(Ohio. Division of Geological Survey, 1974) Osborne, Robert H.Item Bedrock geology of the Cincinnati west quadrangle and part of the Covington Quadrangle, Hamilton County, Ohio(Ohio. Division of Geological Survey, 1974) Ford, John PhilipItem Glacial geology of Highland County, Ohio(Ohio. Division of Geological Survey, 1974) Rosengreen, Theodore E.Item Glacial geology of Holmes County, Ohio(Ohio. Division of Geological Survey, 1973) White, George Willard, 1903-Item Potential use of beneficiated Ohio clay in the rubber industry(Ohio. Division of Geological Survey, 1973) Carlton, Richard W.