http://hdl.handle.net/1811/29319 Wed, 19 Jun 2013 04:01:25 GMT 2013-06-19T04:01:25Z http://hdl.handle.net/1811/55020 Putin's Russia: Partner or Adversary Beyrle, John John Beyrle served as an American diplomat for more than three decades, in foreign postings and domestic assignments focused on Central and Eastern Europe, the Soviet Union, and Russia. He was twice appointed ambassador: to Bulgaria (2005-08), and to Russia (2008-12). During the latter assignment he led the implementation of policies leading to improved U.S.-Russian relations, highlighted by the signing of the START nuclear arms reduction treaty, Russia's accession to the World Trade Organization, and liberalized visa formalities. The Ohio State University Mershon Center for International Security Studies Thu, 11 Apr 2013 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/1811/55020 2013-04-11T00:00:00Z Beyrle, John http://hdl.handle.net/1811/55017 China Town Hall: Local Connections, National Reflections Cassel, Pär CHINA Town Hall is a national day of programming on China involving 50 cities throughout the United States. Preceding the webcast will be a presentation by Pär Cassel, associate professor of history at the University of Michigan. The Ohio State University Mershon Center for International Security Studies Mon, 29 Oct 2012 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/1811/55017 2012-10-29T00:00:00Z Cassel, Pär http://hdl.handle.net/1811/55016 The 1st Provisional Marine Brigade, the Corps Ethos, and the Korean War Hammes, T. X. T.X. Hammes is a senior research fellow with the Institute for National Strategic Studies at National Defense University and a retired colonel in the U.S. Marine Corps. He has lectured widely and published on insurgency, irregular warfare, and future conflict. The Ohio State University Mershon Center for International Security Studies Thu, 29 Nov 2012 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/1811/55016 2012-11-29T00:00:00Z Hammes, T. X. http://hdl.handle.net/1811/55008 Winning Without War: Human Security Strategies for the 21st Century Cortright, David The principles of nonviolence and human security offer realistic options for addressing contemporary security challenges and are superior to "old war" strategies for enhancing peace and promoting international cooperation. These principles are illustrated in an assessment of policy challenges and solutions in Iran, Afghanistan and the broader Middle East. The Ohio State University Mershon Center for International Security Studies Fri, 01 Mar 2013 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/1811/55008 2013-03-01T00:00:00Z Cortright, David http://hdl.handle.net/1811/55007 Perpetrators of Atrocity: A Work in Progress Stern, Jessica "Perpetrators of Atrocity" is a project involving detailed interviews with individuals who have been indicted or convicted of war crimes by the International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia (ICTY). The goal of the study is to learn about the motivations and personal histories of those individuals who are currently standing trial, awaiting appeal, or serving sentences post-conviction. The project is unique in that nobody has ever sought to interview individuals indicted by the ICTY or any other war crimes tribunal on such a large scale, and in a manner that concerns not their alleged crimes, but rather elements of their personal and family histories. The ultimate goal is the publication of a book about the interviews. The project diverges from the majority of the current literature on the former Yugoslavia, most of centers on the political situation, both domestic and international, that led to the 1990s war and its aftermath. If the conflict is explored at a more individual level (itself a rare prospect), such exploration generally involves only victims, examining the crimes committed and their effects on those who suffered them. "Perpetrators of Atrocity" centers instead on the alleged perpetrators of war crimes, focusing not on their crimes, but on their personal lives, with the aim of identifying personal-level risk factors that may have made them susceptible to recruitment and participation in the conflict. Jessica Stern, the study's principal investigator, is particularly interested in studying instances of "inter-generational transmission of trauma," and analyzing the long-term impacts of violence upon a person, their children, grandchildren, etc. The Ohio State University Mershon Center for International Security Studies Thu, 28 Feb 2013 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/1811/55007 2013-02-28T00:00:00Z Stern, Jessica http://hdl.handle.net/1811/55006 Behavioral Traits and Preferences for International Legal Cooperation Hafner-Burton, Emilie Emilie Hafner-Burton is associate professor and director of the Laboratory on International Law and Regulation at the School of International Relations and Pacific Studies at the University of California, San Diego. Her research examines ways to improve compliance with international law, protections for human rights, and a wide variety of other topics related to law, economics and regulation. She has published widely on these and other subjects. The Ohio State University Mershon Center for International Security Studies Wed, 27 Feb 2013 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/1811/55006 2013-02-27T00:00:00Z Hafner-Burton, Emilie http://hdl.handle.net/1811/55005 The Power of Nightmares: Pathological Fear in U.S. Foreign Policy Fettweis, Christopher Five decades ago, Karl Deutsch described what he called "Parkinson's Law for national security": A state's insecurity expands directly with its power. This certainly seems to apply to the United States, which is simultaneously the strongest country in the history of the world and the most insecure of today's great powers. The threats it has recently identified in the international system, from Iraq to Chavez to terrorism, are minor compared to what most states have had to confront throughout history. As states grow in power they usually also become more materially secure; why, then, do they often seem to worry more, often about trivial matters? This talk will explore the political psychology of unipolarity, and discuss the importance of beliefs in explaining foreign policy behavior. Incorrect, baseless, pathological beliefs -- such as the common perception that the world is a dangerous place -- drive policy-making in counterproductive and often tragic directions, like onward toward Baghdad. Presumably better policy would result from more rational cost-benefit analyses. The Ohio State University Mershon Center for International Security Studies Thu, 21 Feb 2013 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/1811/55005 2013-02-21T00:00:00Z Fettweis, Christopher http://hdl.handle.net/1811/55004 Entangled Bodies of Learning: Gender, Islam, and Secularism in the Modern Turkish Republic Hassan, Mona Two striking educational trends with their roots in the early Turkish republic have fostered the unexpected emergence of Turkish state-sponsored female preachers. The social engineering of religious education and the coeducational principle of gender equality have facilitated an unprecedented feminization of religious higher education in Turkey and a related increase in professional opportunities for these female graduates. Employed by Turkey's Directorate of Religious Affairs, female preachers seek in turn to educate the public through regular sermons, lectures, and consultations in their assigned districts across the country. Located at the fraught intersection of religion, politics, gender, education, and secularism, Turkey's state-sponsored female preachers aptly illustrate the elaborate complexities of secular modernity. The Ohio State University Mershon Center for International Security Studies Mon, 18 Feb 2013 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/1811/55004 2013-02-18T00:00:00Z Hassan, Mona http://hdl.handle.net/1811/55003 Sword of the Spirit, Shield of Faith Preston, Andrew From the first colonists to the presidents of the 21st century, religion has always shaped America's relationships with other nations. During the presidency of George W. Bush, many Americans and others around the world viewed the entrance of religion into foreign policy discourse, especially with regard to the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan, as a new development. Despite the official division between church and state, the presence of religion in American foreign policy has been a constant. Yet aside from leaders known to be personally religious, such as Bush, Jimmy Carter and Woodrow Wilson, few realize how central faith has always been to American governance and diplomacy–and indeed to the idea of America itself. Based on his recent book, Sword of the Spirit, Shield of Faith, Preston's lecture will trace in broad outline the historical relationship between religion and American foreign relations, and use two case studies by way of example. The Ohio State University Mershon Center for International Security Studies Fri, 15 Feb 2013 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/1811/55003 2013-02-15T00:00:00Z Preston, Andrew http://hdl.handle.net/1811/55002 Domestic Cultural Diplomacy and Soviet State-Sponsored Popular Culture in the Cold War Tsipursky, Gleb Gleb Tsipursky is assistant professor of history at The Ohio State University. His research is in the field of modern Russian and Eurasian history, with a particular interest in socialist modernity, youth, consumption, popular culture, emotions, the Cold War, crime, violence, and social controls. The Ohio State University Mershon Center for International Security Studies Mon, 11 Feb 2013 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/1811/55002 2013-02-11T00:00:00Z Tsipursky, Gleb http://hdl.handle.net/1811/55001 Counterstrike: The Untold Story of America's Secret Campaign Against Al Qaeda Schmitt, Eric; Shanker, Thomas Eric Schmitt is a terrorism correspondent for The New York Times. He is co-author of Counterstrike: the Untold Story of America’s Secret Campaign Against Al Qaeda (Times Books/Henry Holt, 2011). Schmitt has twice been a member of The Times reporting teams that were awarded the Pulitzer Prize. Thomas Shanker is a Pentagon correspondent for The New York Times. He is co-author, with Eric Schmitt, of Counterstrike: the Untold Story of America’s Secret Campaign Against Al Qaeda (Times Books/Henry Holt, 2011), and routinely spends time embedded with troops in Iraq and Afghanistan. The Ohio State University Mershon Center for International Security Studies Thu, 07 Feb 2013 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/1811/55001 2013-02-07T00:00:00Z Schmitt, Eric Shanker, Thomas http://hdl.handle.net/1811/55000 Everyday Modernity, Urban Space and Citizenship: Public Beaches in Early Republican Istanbul Bozdogan, Sibel After more than a decade of relative insignificance in the shadow of the new capital Ankara, the first efforts to renew Istanbul's crumbling urban infrastructure and to transform the city from an oriental, imperial capital to a modern republican city took off in the 1930s, primarily through the work of the French urban planner Henri Prost who worked for Istanbul Municipality between 1936 and 1951. In this period, urban planning became an integral dimension of the republican project of re-making the city into a theater of modern life, and its people, into modern citizens. As the most visible forms of displaying healthy bodies (especially women's bodies) in public space, promenading, swimming and dancing came to be seen as quintessentially "modern" activities. Consequently parks, beaches and gazinos (music halls) became the paradigmatic spaces of modernity representing the "opening up" of a traditional Muslim society along secular western models of mixed-gender recreation while evoking the prevailing cult of body, youth and health that had captured Europe's imagination in the interwar period. Within this broader historical context, this lecture focuses on the emergence of beaches along Istanbul's Bosporus and Marmara shores, presenting them as symbolically charged urban sites where republican notions of modernity, secularization and citizenship acquired spatial expression. Rather than reading them as unequivocal expressions of a top-down state ideology however, they will be discussed as ambivalent sites where the official republican project of modernity and "social engineering" from above came in contact with the everyday lives of ordinary Istanbulites from below. The Ohio State University Mershon Center for International Security Studies Mon, 04 Feb 2013 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/1811/55000 2013-02-04T00:00:00Z Bozdogan, Sibel http://hdl.handle.net/1811/54999 National Security Checks and Balances Goldsmith, Jack Jack Goldsmith is the Henry L. Shattuck Professor at Harvard Law School, where he teaches and writes about national security law, presidential power, cyber-security, international law, internet law, foreign relations law, and conflict of laws. The Ohio State University Mershon Center for International Security Studies Mon, 28 Jan 2013 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/1811/54999 2013-01-28T00:00:00Z Goldsmith, Jack http://hdl.handle.net/1811/54998 The Family Channel: Migrant Remittances and Government Finance Singer, David This paper argues that migrant remittances can ease government access to capital, generate tax revenue through household consumption, and ultimately allow governments to expand their size. The paper offers three empirical tests. First, using data for 76 developing countries from 1980 to 2007, I find that remittance inflows are associated with greater total government expenditures, whereas other forms of economic integration — especially trade—reflect the conventional view of the constraining influence of global markets. I then explore the possible causal mechanisms behind these results. In the second analysis, I find that remittances are associated with greater tax revenue due to the link between remittances, household consumption, and consumption taxes. These results are robust to using an instrumental variable approach based on exogenous variation in the wealth of migrant host countries. The third test explores the determinants of sovereign borrowing costs in emerging markets and finds that remittances are associated with lower sovereign spreads. The results suggest that private household financial flows can provide financial resources and ease access to credit to governments in developing countries. The Ohio State University Mershon Center for International Security Studies Fri, 25 Jan 2013 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/1811/54998 2013-01-25T00:00:00Z Singer, David http://hdl.handle.net/1811/54997 Choosing Terror: Rebels' Use of Terrorism in Civil Wars Fortna, Page Page Fortna is professor of political science at Columbia University and a member of the Saltzman Institute of War and Peace Studies. Her research focuses on the durability of peace in the aftermath of both civil and interstate wars, war termination, and terrorism. The Ohio State University Mershon Center for International Security Studies Thu, 10 Jan 2013 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/1811/54997 2013-01-10T00:00:00Z Fortna, Page http://hdl.handle.net/1811/54996 Beneath Compliance: The Limits of Transnational Private Regulation Bartley, Timothy Global industries are increasingly littered with standards — claiming to promote fair labor conditions, sustainability, community development, and environmental justice around the world. In the past two decades, many NGOs and companies have sought to "push" such standards through global supply chains and use third-party certification to verify compliance. Many scholars have argued that these activities amount to a new way of regulating globalization — one that does not rely on the mobilization or coordination of unwilling or incapacitated states and which, if appropriately structured, can impose meaningful discipline in otherwise unruly industries. But how are these systems of "transnational private regulation" actually put into practice in particular places? To what extent can they actually bypass the state and provide meaningful, alternative sets of rules and enforcement practices? To address these questions, this project compares two fields of transnational private regulation—standards for fair labor and sustainable forestry — and their implementation in two countries — Indonesia and China. In this presentation, I will use the case of sustainable forestry certification in Indonesia to consider why, although a program like the Forest Stewardship Council has far more integrity than initiatives focused on fair labor standards, its influence in the crucial Indonesian setting has been quite circumscribed. The Ohio State University Mershon Center for International Security Studies Tue, 26 Mar 2013 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/1811/54996 2013-03-26T00:00:00Z Bartley, Timothy http://hdl.handle.net/1811/54995 America Abroad: The United States' Global Role in the 21st Century Wohlforth, William William C. Wohlforth is the Daniel Webster Professor of Government at Dartmouth College. He has research interests in international relations theory, international security, Russian foreign policy, and the Cold War. The Ohio State University Mershon Center for International Security Studies Fri, 22 Mar 2013 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/1811/54995 2013-03-22T00:00:00Z Wohlforth, William http://hdl.handle.net/1811/54994 Why the Korean War was the Most Important and Enduring Cold War Conflict: Contemporary Lessons Suri, Jeremi This talk will examine the legacy of the Korean War on the post-1945 international system. The changes the war elicited continue to characterize contemporary international relations. First, the Korean War militarized foreign policy-making, replacing the diplomatic efforts of the late 1940s with a new emphasis on limited war intervention-capabilities as a key measure of international power. Second, the conflict hardened animosities on the Korean peninsula and across East Asia. The region remains frozen in these hostilities. Third, and perhaps most important, the Korean War created a vision of "naked aggression" and "liberation" warfare that would dominate American thinking about international conflict thereafter. This lecture will explore these themes, with a focus on new historical scholarship. The Ohio State University Mershon Center for International Security Studies Fri, 08 Mar 2013 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/1811/54994 2013-03-08T00:00:00Z Suri, Jeremi http://hdl.handle.net/1811/54993 A House Divided: Threat Perception, Regime Factionalism and Repression in Africa Salehyan, Idean; Hendrix, Cullen Why do governments in Africa repress certain contentious challenges but not others? This study adopts a blended approach to studying repression by taking seriously both the characteristics of contentious events as well as nature of the regime in power. We argue that the more threatening a movement is — as measured by the use of violence, opposition demands, and targets — the more likely the state is to use repressive force. However, we relax the assumption that the state is a unitary actor, and allow for the preferences of state leaders and of the security forces to diverge when it comes to carrying out repressive policies. Countries with a history of factionalism in their security forces face an additional challenge: orders to crack down on protesters, rioters, strikers, etc., may not be followed or could even cause police and military forces to defect. We argue this potential is greatest when the challenge is has ethnoreligious aims. We test these propositions using the Social Conflict in Africa Database, and find significant support for our core theoretical conjecture: regimes with a history of past military factionalism are generally less likely to use repression. Such regimes are especially unwilling to repress ethnoreligiously based, ascriptive movements. These results are robust to several estimators that address the hierarchical nature of the event data. These findings demonstrate the benefits of a blended, event-based approach to studying state repression. The Ohio State University Mershon Center for International Security Studies Mon, 04 Mar 2013 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/1811/54993 2013-03-04T00:00:00Z Salehyan, Idean Hendrix, Cullen http://hdl.handle.net/1811/54992 Turkey Since 1980 Pamuk, Şevket; Arat, Yeşim Şevket Pamuk is professor of economics and economic history at Boğaziçi (Bosphorus) University in Istanbul, and professor and chair in contemporary Turkish studies at London School of Economics and Political Science. He has published many books and articles on the economic history of modern Turkey, the Ottoman Empire, Middle East and Europe. He is a past president of European Historical Economics Society and the current president of Asian Historical Economics Society. He is also co-editor of European Review of Economic History. Yeşim Arat is professor in the Department of Political Science and International Relations at Boğaziçi University (Bosphorus) in Istanbul. She has worked on questions of women's political participation and democratization in Turkey. Her scholarly work includes her books, Patriarchal Paradox: Women Politicians in Turkey; Rethinking Islam and Liberal Democracy: Islamist Women in Turkish Politics; Violence Against Women in Turkey, with Ayşe Gül Altınay; as well as numerous articles in edited volumes and professional journals. She was the provost of her university from 2008 to 2012 and is a member of the Science Academy, Turkey. The Ohio State University Mershon Center for International Security Studies Thu, 04 Apr 2013 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/1811/54992 2013-04-04T00:00:00Z Pamuk, Şevket Arat, Yeşim http://hdl.handle.net/1811/54991 The Challenge of Political Compromise Thompson, Dennis Dennis F. Thompson is professor of public policy and Alfred North Whitehead Professor of Political Philosophy at Harvard University. He is also founding director of Harvard's Edmond J. Safra Center for Ethics. The Ohio State University Mershon Center for International Security Studies Tue, 02 Apr 2013 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/1811/54991 2013-04-02T00:00:00Z Thompson, Dennis http://hdl.handle.net/1811/54990 Governing Security Cuéllar, Mariano-Florentino In "Governing Security," Cuéllar takes up a complex and timely question at the intersection of law and society. Who has the power to design federal agencies, and who sets priorities when deciding on the most urgent security problems facing our country? Governing Security explores how these two questions are connected by investigating the hidden origins of two of the most powerful agencies in the federal government. Even after Franklin Roosevelt failed in his drive to reorganize federal courts during his second term and faced the prospect of a costly war, he kept on pressing for authority to reorganize the executive branch and created a vast agency called the Federal Security Agency. Six decades later, the Bush Administration pursued one of the largest reorganizations in modern history after initially opposing the creation of a Department of Homeland Security in the wake of the September 11 attacks. This book investigates the story of these two agencies in order to illuminate the complex relationship between public law, executive organization, and the contested meaning of national security. Using a mix of qualitative analysis of agency structure and budgets, doctrinal evaluation of legal developments, scrutiny of legislation and executive orders, and archival research, this work exposes the interplay between executive power and agency structure in shaping the nation’s security priorities. By analyzing these developments, the book shows how the impact of public law ultimately depends on how politicians go about security control of the vast agencies that implement statutes and regulations, and on how those agencies are in turn used to define the contested concept of security. The Ohio State University Mershon Center for International Security Studies Thu, 28 Mar 2013 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/1811/54990 2013-03-28T00:00:00Z Cuéllar, Mariano-Florentino http://hdl.handle.net/1811/54989 The Great War and the Politics of National Security in France Jackson, Peter The talk will be based on the forthcoming monograph "Beyond the Balance of Power: France and the politics of national security in the era of the First World War." The aim will be to reconsider the impact of World War I on contending conceptions of security in France. The argument will be that there were two general currents of thought on the question of security before 1914. The dominant current was traditional in character and based on long-standing assumptions about the balance of power and the need for exclusive alliances and strategic preponderance. The alternative conception was internationalist in inspiration and reflected the central role of law in French political culture. It aimed at achieving security through the creation of an international regime of public law backed up by the automatic use of collective force. The tremendous sacrifices demanded of the French nation during the Great War created political space for the internationalist alternative. After 1917 French national security policy was influenced in important respects by the internationalist approach to peace and security. This influence has been missed almost entirely by several generations of historians who have tended overwhelmingly to characterize French policy as inspired by the "realist" assumptions of power politics. The Ohio State University Mershon Center for International Security Studies Fri, 05 Apr 2013 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/1811/54989 2013-04-05T00:00:00Z Jackson, Peter http://hdl.handle.net/1811/54988 China's Fear of Contagion: Tiananmen Square and the Power of the European Example Sarotte, Mary The Tiananmen Square massacre of June 1989 remains a taboo topic in the People's Republic of China (PRC); the ruling Chinese Communist Party (CCP) still detains participants and suppresses online, popular, and scholarly discussions of it. The twentieth anniversary of the end of the transatlantic Cold War, however, saw the release of new sources from high-level contacts between the CCP and foreign leaders. These new sources, combined with older ones, show the extent to which Chinese political leaders were obsessed with the democratic changes in Eastern Europe and were willing to take violent action to prevent similar events on their territory. This obsession has received mention from a few scholars, but until now it has played too small a role in the current understanding of Tiananmen. New evidence documents that one of the main motivations for the CCP in deploying the army in June 1989—on the same day as semi-free elections in Poland—was its desire to combat possible contagion from the events in Europe. These sources also show that the CCP knew it had little to fear from reprisals by the United States, which it predicted would take "no real countermeasures." The Ohio State University Mershon Center for International Security Studies Thu, 06 Dec 2012 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/1811/54988 2012-12-06T00:00:00Z Sarotte, Mary http://hdl.handle.net/1811/54987 Supermajority Rule and Democracy Schwartzberg, Melissa Melissa Schwartzberg is Associate Professor of Political Science at Columbia University. As a political theorist, her research centers on the historical origins and normative consequences of rules governing democratic decision-making. She also has special interests in ancient Greek institutions and political thought, and in modern political thought concerning institutional design, especially that of Jean-Jacques Rousseau and Jeremy Bentham. The Ohio State University Mershon Center for International Security Studies Fri, 30 Nov 2012 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/1811/54987 2012-11-30T00:00:00Z Schwartzberg, Melissa http://hdl.handle.net/1811/54986 The Irony of Global Economic Governance: The System Worked Drezner, Daniel Daniel W. Drezner is professor of international politics at the Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy at Tufts University, a senior editor at The National Interest, and a contributing editor at Foreign Policy. He has been at the Fletcher School since the fall of 2006. Prior to Fletcher, he was an assistant professor of political science at the University of Colorado at Boulder, and then at the University of Chicago from 1999 to 2006. For the 1993-94 academic year, he was a Civic Education Project visiting lecturer in economics at Donetsk Technical University in the Republic of Ukraine. The Ohio State University Mershon Center for International Security Studies Fri, 30 Nov 2012 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/1811/54986 2012-11-30T00:00:00Z Drezner, Daniel http://hdl.handle.net/1811/54985 World Politics in the Age of Entropy Schweller, Randall Randall Schweller is professor of political science at The Ohio State University and director of National Security Studies at the Mershon Center. The Ohio State University Mershon Center for International Security Studies Tue, 13 Nov 2012 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/1811/54985 2012-11-13T00:00:00Z Schweller, Randall http://hdl.handle.net/1811/54984 Military Frontiers: A Graduate Symposium Beyond Battle Waddell, William; Johnson, Ian This year’s conference will highlight graduate student research on military history topics beyond the battlefield. Presentations will include logistics, civil defense, propaganda as well as diplomacy and the institutions that manage violent conflict. Students of military and diplomatic history, political scientists interested in military studies and specialists in military studies are encouraged to attend this symposium. The Ohio State University Mershon Center for International Security Studies Fri, 10 May 2013 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/1811/54984 2013-05-10T00:00:00Z Waddell, William Johnson, Ian http://hdl.handle.net/1811/54983 Peacebuilding in an Ever More Globalized World: Commemorating the U.N. Agenda for Peace, 1992-2012 Mughan, Tony; Carlarne, John; Alger, Chadwick The conference marks the 20th anniversary of the United Nations' An Agenda for Peace. This landmark document, building on knowledge and insight provided by both peace researchers and U.N. practitioners in the field, focused attention on building peace in the long-term in war-torn societies. As a consequence of its publication, non-military sources of instability and violence became explicit factors shaping UN peace planning and the notion of peace-building gained common currency. The Ohio State University Mershon Center for International Security Studies Fri, 09 Nov 2012 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/1811/54983 2012-11-09T00:00:00Z Mughan, Tony Carlarne, John Alger, Chadwick http://hdl.handle.net/1811/54982 Making a Prisoner for War: Examining the Korean War Armistice from Behind and Beyond the Barbed-wire Fence Kim, Monica In light of 2013 being the 60th anniversary of the armistice signing, I turn our attention to the very controversy that prolonged the ceasefire negotiations at Panmunjom for 18 straight months: POW repatriation. Although scholars have often dismissed the POW controversy as a footnote or a propaganda ploy, I will contend that the controversy, upon closer examination, reveals the limits of international laws of war in front of decolonization. From the vantage point of the largest United Nations Command POW camp on Koje Island, I will re-examine the workings and consequences of the armistice to suggest ways for understanding the legacies of a war that has still not officially ended. The Ohio State University Mershon Center for International Security Studies Wed, 17 Apr 2013 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/1811/54982 2013-04-17T00:00:00Z Kim, Monica http://hdl.handle.net/1811/54980 Making Human Rights 'Sexy': Amnesty International's Campaign against Torture, 1968-1975 Keys, Barbara Amnesty International was formed in 1961 with a narrow mandate: to help prisoners of conscience around the world. Seven years later it added prevention of torture to its mandate. Though in some ways it was a natural expansion that reflected the fact that many political prisoners were mistreated, it was also clearly driven by Amnesty's media-centered methods. Because the media showed more interest in political prisoners when physical brutality was involved, Amnesty began to focus on such brutality. The new focus on torture, culminating in Amnesty's first-ever "special campaign," brought Amnesty a huge influx of new members and vastly increased media attention. As one internal report noted, torture was "sexy." Yet, as this talk explores, the ways Amnesty chose to frame the "torture problem" led the organization into a series of political choices that had fraught consequences for the broader human rights movement that was emerging at this time. The Ohio State University Mershon Center for International Security Studies Mon, 05 Nov 2012 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/1811/54980 2012-11-05T00:00:00Z Keys, Barbara http://hdl.handle.net/1811/54979 Constitutional Islam: Genealogies, Transmissions, and Meanings Stilt, Kristen Kristen Stilt is professor of law at Northwestern University School of Law and an affiliated faculty member in the History Department. Her research interests are the historical development and practice of Islamic law as well as contemporary manifestations and applications of law that is presented as Islamic. The Ohio State University Mershon Center for International Security Studies Thu, 11 Apr 2013 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/1811/54979 2013-04-11T00:00:00Z Stilt, Kristen http://hdl.handle.net/1811/54978 Military Effectiveness Millett, Allan; Murray, Williamson Allan R. Millett is director of the Eisenhower Center for American Studies and Stephen E. Ambrose Professor of History at the University of New Orleans since 2006, and the Raymond E. Mason Jr. Professor Emeritus of Military History at The Ohio State University. He specializes in the history of American military policy and 20th century wars and military institutions. Williamson Murray is a Minerva Fellow at the U.S. Naval War College and professor emeritus of history at The Ohio State University. He studies military and diplomatic history and is currently working on a number projects related to operational history of the Civil War, study of the Iran-Iraq War, and hybrid warfare. The Ohio State University Mershon Center for International Security Studies Fri, 02 Nov 2012 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/1811/54978 2012-11-02T00:00:00Z Millett, Allan Murray, Williamson http://hdl.handle.net/1811/54977 Unleashing the Beast: Animals, Energy, and the Economy of Labor in Ottoman Egypt Mikhail, Alan In the land-based agrarian world of early modern Ottoman Egypt, animal wealth, labor, and movement were the bases of social and economic life. Animals were the trucks, motors, cranes, heaters, and gas stations of this early modern society. Interspecies relations between humans and various classes of animals were, however, radically altered at the end of the 18th century by a combination of climatic, epidemiological, political, and economic processes. The new human-animal world that resulted was one in which livestock were no longer a central pillar of economic, social, and political life in Ottoman Egypt. This diminished role of animals led, in turn, to a radical restructuring of the rural world as it transitioned away from animal labor, energy, and motor power. Thus, as Egypt moved from being the most lucrative province of the Ottoman Empire to a 19th-century centralizing state, human-animal relations changed more fundamentally between 1770 and 1830 than they had for millennia before that. This talk traces this change at the turn of the 19th century to understand the political, social, ecological, and economic history of the Ottoman Empire through one of the most basic of all human relationships -- those with other animals. The Ohio State University Mershon Center for International Security Studies Mon, 08 Apr 2013 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/1811/54977 2013-04-08T00:00:00Z Mikhail, Alan http://hdl.handle.net/1811/54976 George F. Kennan: An American Life Gaddis, John John Lewis Gaddis is Robert A. Lovett Professor of History at Yale University. He is a noted historian of the Cold War and grand strategy, who has been hailed as the "Dean of Cold War Historians" by The New York Times. The Ohio State University. Mershon Center for International Security Studies Thu, 25 Oct 2012 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/1811/54976 2012-10-25T00:00:00Z Gaddis, John http://hdl.handle.net/1811/54975 American Jews, Israelis, Palestinians, and the U.S. Presidential Election Sylvan, Don This interactive session will begin with some empirically based observations about internal Israeli politics, as well as a few about internal Palestinian politics. The majority of the talk will concentrate on preference patterns of American Jews in the upcoming U.S. presidential election, and the sometimes intense dialogue that has emerged as the campaign proceeds. The Ohio State University Mershon Center for International Studies Wed, 24 Oct 2012 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/1811/54975 2012-10-24T00:00:00Z Sylvan, Don http://hdl.handle.net/1811/54974 The Wars We Remember: An Essay in Comparative Memory Work Young, Nigel Nigel Young is visiting distinguished scholar of peace studies at Earlham College. He has been active in transnational peace activity for more than 50 years, and has held several academic positions in sociology, politics, and peace studies at over a dozen universities and colleges worldwide, including as professor and director of peace studies at Colgate University (1984-2004), and as senior research fellow at the International Peace Research Institute in Oslo (1981-84). The Ohio State University Mershon Center for International Security Studies Tue, 23 Oct 2012 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/1811/54974 2012-10-23T00:00:00Z Young, Nigel http://hdl.handle.net/1811/54973 Liberty and Compulsory Civil Religion in Rousseau's Social Contract, and Adam Smith's Alternative Griswold, Charles Charles Griswold is the Borden Parker Bowne Professor of Philosophy at Boston University. His research interests include ancient philosophy, moral and political philosophy, 18th century philosophy, history of ethics, philosophy, and literature. The Ohio State University Mershon Center for International Security Studies Fri, 19 Oct 2012 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/1811/54973 2012-10-19T00:00:00Z Griswold, Charles http://hdl.handle.net/1811/54972 The Dokdo Islets: A Critical Issue between Korea and Japan Kim, Byung-Ryull Kim Byung-Ryull is professor of international relations at Korea National Defense University and a 2011-12 visiting scholar at the Mershon Center for International Security Studies. The Ohio State University Mershon Center for International Security Studies Wed, 17 Oct 2012 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/1811/54972 2012-10-17T00:00:00Z Kim, Byung-Ryull http://hdl.handle.net/1811/54971 Women and Gender after the Arab Spring: Promises and Perils of Democratization Moghadam, Valentine The Arab Spring is still unfolding, as is the direction of change, and outcomes may be different for violent and nonviolent uprisings. This presentation will focus on three early cases of the Arab Spring – Tunisia, Egypt, and Morocco – to discuss causes and likely outcomes, gender dynamics, and prospects for successful democratic transitions. A comparative and international perspective will highlight similarities and differences across the Arab cases and between the Arab Spring and other “democracy waves." The Ohio State University. Mershon Center for International Security Studies Fri, 12 Oct 2012 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/1811/54971 2012-10-12T00:00:00Z Moghadam, Valentine http://hdl.handle.net/1811/54970 The Evolution of the Global Climate Regime Thompson, Alexander Alexander Thompson is associate professor of political science at The Ohio State University and co-director of the Globalization Speaker Series at the Mershon Center. He has research and teaching interests in international relations, with particular emphasis on international organizations, international political economy, and international environmental politics. The Ohio State University Mershon Center for International Security Studies Thu, 04 Oct 2012 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/1811/54970 2012-10-04T00:00:00Z Thompson, Alexander http://hdl.handle.net/1811/54969 Equitable Water Allocation, Eco-Cultural Restoration, and Social Justice in the Tigris-Euphrates Watershed Stevens, Michelle This panel will highlight one of the world's most volatile sources of international conflict — the scarcity and equitable allocation of water — by discussing current efforts to deescalate potential conflicts over water, ease human suffering, and restore vital ecosystems, cultures, and economies in the Tigris-Euphrates watershed region. This event will feature speakers from Turkey, Iraq, Kuwait, and the United States, including representatives of Hima Mesopotamia, an international NGO dedicated to stressing the importance of reaching across international borders to find solutions to the escalating ecological and humanitarian crisis occurring on the Tigris-Euphrates watershed. The Ohio State University Mershon Center for International Security Studies Wed, 03 Oct 2012 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/1811/54969 2012-10-03T00:00:00Z Stevens, Michelle http://hdl.handle.net/1811/54968 Why Do We Still Have the Electoral College? Keyssar, Alexander Alexander Keyssar is Matthew W. Stirling Jr. Professor of History and Social Policy in the John F. Kennedy School of Government at Harvard University. An historian by training, he has specialized in the explanation of issues that have contemporary policy implications. His current research interests include election reform, the history of democracies, and the history of poverty. The Ohio State University Mershon Center for International Security Studies Mon, 01 Oct 2012 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/1811/54968 2012-10-01T00:00:00Z Keyssar, Alexander http://hdl.handle.net/1811/54967 Climate Change, Disease, and the State: Lessons from History Price-Smith, Andrew Andrew T. Price-Smith is director of the Energy, Environment and Security Program, director of the nascent Global Health Program, and associate professor of political science at Colorado College. He held previous appointments at both the Earth Institute and the School of International and Public Affairs of Columbia University, and at the University of South Florida. He also served as interim chair of environmental science at Colorado College from 2009-10. He specializes in analyses of the effects of disease, environmental change, and energy scarcity on the security of nations. The Ohio State University Mershon Center for International Security Studies Fri, 28 Sep 2012 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/1811/54967 2012-09-28T00:00:00Z Price-Smith, Andrew http://hdl.handle.net/1811/54966 Supernexus: The Power of Position in the New Global Architecture Legro, Jeffrey Jeffrey W. Legro is vice provost for global affairs, professor of politics, and Randolph P. Compton Professor in the Miller Center at the University of Virginia. In 2011, he was a Fulbright-Nehru senior researcher at the Institute for Defense and Strategic Analyses in New Delhi. The Ohio State University Mershon Center for International Security Studies Fri, 28 Sep 2012 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/1811/54966 2012-09-28T00:00:00Z Legro, Jeffrey http://hdl.handle.net/1811/54965 Middle Eastern American Identities Payind, Alam; Bozorgmehr, Mehdi; Friedlander, Jonathan Over the course of the 20th century the number of Americans who trace their ancestry to the Middle East has grown substantially and their ranks have become far more diverse. Today roughly half are Arab Americans and the other half are non-Arab, including Armenians, Iranians, Israelis, Turks, and others. The Middle Eastern umbrella category conceals a host of complex and multidimensional communities that challenge current notions about pan-ethnic identity. The Ohio State University Mershon Center for International Security Studies Wed, 19 Sep 2012 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/1811/54965 2012-09-19T00:00:00Z Payind, Alam Bozorgmehr, Mehdi Friedlander, Jonathan http://hdl.handle.net/1811/54964 Freedom Papers: An Atlantic Odyssey in the Age of Emancipation Scott, Rebecca Rebecca J. Scott is the Charles Gibson Distinguished University Professor of History and Professor of Law at the University of Michigan.Her most recent book, coauthored with Jean M. Hébrard, is Freedom Papers: An Atlantic Odyssey in the Age of Emancipation (Harvard University Press, 2012), which traces the theme of the law in slavery and freedom through the examination of one family across five generations. The Ohio State University Mershon Center for International Security Studies Fri, 14 Sep 2012 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/1811/54964 2012-09-14T00:00:00Z Scott, Rebecca http://hdl.handle.net/1811/54963 Iran: Is There a Case for War? Herrmann, Richard; Murray, Williamson Richard Herrmann is Social and Behavioral Sciences Distinguished Professor and Chair of the Department of Political Science at The Ohio State University. He directed the Mershon Center for International Security Studies from 2002-10. Williamson Murray is a Minerva Fellow at the U.S. Naval War College and professor emeritus of history at The Ohio State University. He studies military and diplomatic history and is currently working on a number projects related to operational history of the Civil War, study of the Iran-Iraq War, and hybrid warfare. The Ohio State University Mershon Center for International Security Studies Wed, 18 Sep 2013 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/1811/54963 2013-09-18T00:00:00Z Herrmann, Richard Murray, Williamson http://hdl.handle.net/1811/54961 Trends in American Foreign Policy: What the Next Administration Will Face Hill, Christopher Christopher R. Hill served as the U.S. Ambassador to Iraq from April 2009 until August 2010. He joined the Josef Korbel School of International Studies in September 2010. He is a career member of the Foreign Service whose prior assignment was assistant secretary of state for East Asian and Pacific affairs. He also served as ambassador to the Republic of Korea. On February 14, 2005, he was named as the head of the U.S. delegation to the Six-Party Talks on the North Korean nuclear issue. Previously he has served as U.S. ambassador to Poland (2000-04), ambassador to the Republic of Macedonia (1996-99) and special envoy to Kosovo (1998-99). He also served as special assistant to the president and senior director for southeast European affairs in the National Security Council. The Ohio State University Mershon Center for International Security Studies Tue, 30 Oct 2012 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/1811/54961 2012-10-30T00:00:00Z Hill, Christopher http://hdl.handle.net/1811/54960 Techno-Blinders: The U.S. Techno-Centric Strategic Culture Stanley, Elizabeth Elizabeth A. Stanley is an associate professor of security studies at Georgetown University, with appointments in the Edmund A. Walsh School of Foreign Service and the Department of Government. She is also the founder of the Mind Fitness Training Institute, a non-profit organization dedicated to teaching skills for enhancing performance and building resilience to stress. The Ohio State University; Mershon Center for International Security Studies Thu, 13 Sep 2012 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/1811/54960 2012-09-13T00:00:00Z Stanley, Elizabeth