http://hdl.handle.net/1811/22167 2013-06-19T21:32:21Z http://hdl.handle.net/1811/23951 Back Matter 2002-12-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/1811/23950 The Ohio Journal of Sciene - Table of Contents - Volume 102 2002-12-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/1811/23949 Author and Subject Index to Volume 102 2002-12-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/1811/23948 The Ohio Academy of Science 2002-12-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/1811/23947 Obituaries of the Members of The Ohio Academy of Science Report of the Necrology Committee, 2002 2002-12-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/1811/23946 Book Reviews 2002-12-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/1811/23945 Twelve-Year Study Monitoring Two Species of Pond-Breeding Salamanders in Northeast Ohio Brodman, Robert Studies suggest a worldwide decline in amphibians during the last four decades, however these studies have rarely included long-term (>10 years) studies involving interacting species of North American salamanders. In this study, populations of spotted salamanders (Ambystoma maculatum) and Jefferson Salamanders (A. jeffersonianuni) at Cuyahoga Valley National Recreation Area in northeast Ohio were monitored for 12 years from 1990-2001 to provide baseline data and to test the null hypothesis that these populations are not in decline. The study sites include a semipermanent wetland (ca 1500 m2) and a temporary wetland (10 m2) that are 80 m apart on a wooded hill. I monitored populations at each wetland by estimating egg mass density, mean number of eggs per mass, and embryo mortality. From these I calculated estimates of egg and hatchling densities and the total number of eggs, surviving embryos, and adult females breeding at each wetland. The densities of eggs and hatchlings of each species were greater in the large pond and greater for spotted salamanders. The number of eggs/egg mass was greater in the large pond and was greater from 1995-1999 than 1990-1994 and 2000-2001. Embryo mortality supports predictions based on water temperature and pH. Spotted salamander embryo survival was correlated with increasing pond water pH. There was no significant trend over time in the number of embryos surviving to hatch each year for either species. This long-term study supports the hypothesis that these populations are in stable coexistence and demonstrates that some populations of North American salamanders are not in decline. Author Institution: Biology Department, Saint Joseph's College 2002-12-01T00:00:00Z Brodman, Robert http://hdl.handle.net/1811/23944 Persistent Organic Pollutants in Blanchard's Cricket Frogs (Acris Crepitans Blanchardi) from Ohio Russell, Ronald W.; Lipps, Gregory J., Jr.; Hecnar, Stephen J.; Haffner, G. Douglas Populations of Blanchard's cricket frog are in precipitous decline in the northern periphery of their range. Factors contributing to this decline are unclear; however, environmental contamination with persistent organic pollutants has been proposed to explain these losses. We analyzed Ohio cricket frog tissues for a range of chlorinated organic pollutants and found significant differences in tissue concentrations of these contaminants between collection sites. We propose that environmental chemical contamination may in part be responsible for the decline of Blanchard's cricket frog in the northern section of their range. Author Institution: Department of Biology, St. Mary's University ; Department of Herpetology, Toledo Zoological Society ; Department of Biology, Lakehead University ; Great Lakes Institute for Environmental Research, University of Windsor 2002-12-01T00:00:00Z Russell, Ronald W. Lipps, Gregory J., Jr. Hecnar, Stephen J. Haffner, G. Douglas http://hdl.handle.net/1811/23943 Bythotrephes Cederstroemi in Ohio Reservoirs: Evidence from Fish Diets Ferry, Kristen; Wright, Russell A. The invading European cladoceran Bythotrephes cederstroemi, previously reported in North America from the Great Lakes and inland lakes in Ontario and Minnesota, was found in diets of juvenile largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) from three Ohio reservoirs in the Ohio River drainage, representing a potential expansion of the range of this exotic species. In summer 1996 samples, we found B. cederstroemi in the stomachs of small largemouth bass (37.0-115.0 mm total length) from Knox, Pleasant Hill, and Tappan Reservoirs, all within the Muskingum River watershed. Although uncommon, B. cederstroemi occurred in diets collected during mid July and late August. Author Institution: Aquatic Ecology Laboratory, Department of Evolution, Ecology, and Organismal Biology, The Ohio State University 2002-12-01T00:00:00Z Ferry, Kristen Wright, Russell A. http://hdl.handle.net/1811/23942 Research Report Science in the Art of the Italian Renaissance II: Leonardo Da Vinci's Representation of Animals in His Works Kane, Douglas D. Leonardo Da Vinci combined science and art in a number of his works and studies. This combination of science and art is very evident in the depiction of animals in his works. Leonardo studied both the anatomy and physiology of animals in order to render them with scientific precision. This included dissections of numerous animals and studies on their movements in nature. Leonardo Da Vinci, unified science and art, as is evident in the realistic and scientific depiction of animals in his works. Author Institution: Department of Evolution, Ecology, and Organismal Biology, The Ohio State University 2002-12-01T00:00:00Z Kane, Douglas D. http://hdl.handle.net/1811/23941 Research Report Science in the Art of the Italian Renaissance I: Ghiberti's Gates of Paradise- Linear Perspective and Space Kane, Douglas D. AS with the works of a number of Italian Renaissance artists, Lorenzo Ghiberti's art contained scientific elements. In his case both his training as a goldsmith, which introduced him to concepts of mineralogy, and his knowledge and use of techniques in the realm of the science of optics demonstrated a melding of art and science. Ghiberti's Gates of Paradise was among the first works of the period to use a true scientific study of perspective and space. The greatness ascribed to these bronze doors for the Baptistery of San Giovanni in Florence is due not only to Ghiberti's artistic merits, but also to the science that was behind the doors' sense of perspective and space. Author Institution: Department of Evolution, Ecology, and Organismal Biology, The Ohio State University 2002-12-01T00:00:00Z Kane, Douglas D. http://hdl.handle.net/1811/23940 Hydraulic Conductivity of Ohio's Glaciated Soil, Its Implications, and Suggestions for Future Studies Fisher, Henry H. Since 1999, hydraulic conductivity values in till have been measured by the laboratory standard test method ASTM D 5084 on undisturbed soil samples taken at depths between 3.0 m to 6.0 m (10 to 20 ft) in glacial till soils in western Ohio. Their rates on uncracked soil vary from 106 cm/sec to 109 cm/sec. Measurements made on till with cracks vary from 105cm/sec to 10 8 cm/sec. Suggestions are made for future studies. Author Institution: UDSA-Natural Resources Conservation Service 2002-12-01T00:00:00Z Fisher, Henry H. http://hdl.handle.net/1811/23939 Effects of PCB on Reproductive Success in Sprague-Dawley Rats Exposed to Aroclor 1254 for One Year Donahue, Douglas A.; Bowen, Christa L.; Provost, Terri L.; Meserve, Lee A. Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) are environmental contaminants that have been a problem since the 1960s. PCB are a serious concern because they are widespread, lipophilic, and bioaccumulate through food webs concentrating in adipose tissue. PCB are a threat to both wildlife and humans because they elicit metabolic and endocrine disruptions with some problems including hypothyroxinemia, spatial learning and memory deficits, neurochemical and neurobehavioral alterations, and reproductive alterations. Sprague-Dawley rats were obtained that had been exposed to Aroclor 1254® in the diet at 1.25 ppni or 25.0 ppm dosage for one year before being mated. Males and females were placed together in a cage and females were tested each day for a sperm-positive vaginal smear. After a sperm positive vaginal smear, females were housed separately, maintained on their respective diets, and weighed daily until weight gain reversal or miscarriage. All animals in the present study that were fed PCB had weight gain reversal or miscarriage, whereas controls of a similar age all carried pregnancy to term. The results of the present study indicate that continuous ingestion of Aroclor 1254® at low doses has a depressive effect on reproductive success. Author Institution: Department of Biological Sciences, Bowling Green State University 2002-12-01T00:00:00Z Donahue, Douglas A. Bowen, Christa L. Provost, Terri L. Meserve, Lee A. http://hdl.handle.net/1811/23938 West Nile Virus: The First Pandemic of the Twenty-First Century Boyer, Jere; File, Thomas; Franks, William Prior to the 1999 New York City outbreak few had ever heard of West Nile virus. That changed rapidly once the illness caused by the virus resulted in deaths, hospitalizations, and early fears of the unknown etiology of the disease. In some ways it was like Legionnaire's Disease all over again. This review, although not extensive, will cover many of the medical, biological, epidemiological, diagnostic, and public health considerations regarding this new entry onto the list of disease agents seen in the United States. Author Institution: Department of Research and Research Administration and Department of Infectious Diseases, Summa Health System ; Stark County Health Department 2002-12-01T00:00:00Z Boyer, Jere File, Thomas Franks, William http://hdl.handle.net/1811/23937 Front Matter 2002-12-01T00:00:00Z